Boron phosphates (BPO4) as a seedling-safe boron fertilizer source

2015 ◽  
Vol 391 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Abat ◽  
Fien Degryse ◽  
Roslyn Baird ◽  
Michael J. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Boron Phosphates

scholarly journals CHANGES IN CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF BORON PHOSPHATES BY GRINDING

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (0) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKIO TADA ◽  
NOBUAKI MURAKAMI ◽  
NORIYASU OKAZAKI ◽  
HIDENOBU ITOH
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Boron Phosphates

scholarly journals XANES Study of Tribofilm Formation With Low Phosphorus Additive Mixtures of Phosphonium Ionic Liquid and Borate Ester

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimaya Vyavhare ◽  
Vibhu Sharma ◽  
Vinay Sharma ◽  
Ali Erdemir ◽  
Pranesh B. Aswath
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Boron Oxide ◽  
Electrical Contact ◽  
Wear Volume ◽  
Electrical Contact Resistance ◽  
Test Configuration ◽  
Iron Phosphates ◽  
Borate Ester ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Boron Phosphates

The development of low phosphorus engine oils is important to minimize phosphorus-induced exhaust catalyst poisoning and resulting in harmful emissions. In this study, low phosphorus oil formulations were prepared by using an ashless additive mixture of borate ester (SB) with ionic liquid composed of a phosphonium cation and phosphate anion (P_DEHP) at 350 and 700 ppm phosphorus. Tribological properties of this binary additive system were evaluated using a reciprocating cylinder on a flat test configuration. Favorable interaction between P_DEHP and SB resulted in a significant reduction in friction coefficient and wear volume, in particular for P_DEHP(700P) + SB oil blend. Time-scale analysis of tribofilm formation was determined by running the tribological experiments for 5, 15, and 60 min duration. Electrical contact resistance (ECR) results revealed that the addition of P_DEHP at 350 ppm of phosphorus to SB at 500 ppm of boron can reduce the incubation time from 300 to 100 s for stable tribofilm formation. X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) analysis of tribofilms indicates that the tribofilm mechanism for additive mixtures of P_DEHP and SB initially involves the formation of boron oxide-based films, which later interact with phosphorus to form boron phosphates in addition to iron phosphates. Incorporation of the high amount of boron phosphates in addition to boron oxide/acid and iron phosphates in the tribofilms contributed to the improved tribological performance of P_DEHP(700P) + SB oil. XANES results reveal that tribofilms formed due to the interaction of SB and P_DEHP evolve to a cross-linked structure, wherein the chain length of polyphosphates is increased with the increase in rubbing time.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OF BORON PHOSPHATES BY GRINDING

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (0) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKIO TADA ◽  
NOBUAKI MURAKAMI ◽  
NORIYASU OKAZAKI ◽  
HIDENOBU ITOH
Keyword(s):  
Boron Phosphates
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