Development of interspecific F1 hybrids (Solanum melongena × Solanum khasianum) in eggplant through embryo rescue technique

An in vitro culture protocol was developed that increased the germination percentage and decreased the lag time to germination for Ilex dumosa R. pyrenes as a tool for replacing the laborious task of embryo rescue technique. This method involves transversely cutting surface-sterilized pyrenes with a scalpel blade, then placing the micropylar one-third end with the rudimentary embryo (≈0.25 mm long) on solidified (agar 0.65%) quarter-strength salts and vitamins of Murashige and Skoog, 1962 medium with 3% sucrose, and incubating in a growth room at 27 ± 2 °C with a 14-h photoperiod (116 μmol·m−2·s−1). Most of the cut pyrenes (greater than 50%) germinated within the first month after inoculation and achieved maximum germination (≈70%) in 2 months compared with whole pyrenes, which began to germinate 3 months after sowing and required more than 8 months for maximum germination (37%). Moreover, the germination percentage of cut pyrenes was significantly higher than the germination of isolated embryos (34%). Thus, the cut pyrenes culture is a simpler and more effective technique than embryo rescue. Easily, on average, a trained operator is able to culture ≈1000 cut pyrenes per day instead of ≈100 isolated embryos.

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The transfer of triazine resistance from Brassica napus L. to B. oleracea L. I. Production of F1 hybrids through embryo rescue

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/bf00041511 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 615-624 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

R. Ayotte ◽

P. M. Harney ◽

V. Souza Machado

Keyword(s):

Brassica Napus ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Brassica Napus L ◽

Triazine Resistance

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Albinism in F1 Hybrids Hinders Geneflow Between Cultivated Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and the Tertiary Gene Pool Species, Cicer Pinnatifidum

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1134524/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shivali Sharma ◽

Shivaji Ajinath Lavale ◽

Benjamin Kilian

Keyword(s):

Gene Pool ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

F1 Hybrids ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Seed Formation ◽

Albino Phenotype ◽

Tertiary Gene Pool ◽

Chickpea Cultivars

Abstract Wild Cicer species, especially those in the tertiary gene pool, carry useful alleles for chickpea improvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the crossability and geneflow between three chickpea cultivars (as female parents) and four cross-incompatible Cicer pinnatifidum accessions (as pollen parents) from the tertiary gene pool. Ten crosses were conducted. One fully developed healthy F1 seed was harvested in vivo from the ICC 4958 × ICC 17269 cross, but the seedling developed an albino phenotype at 4–5 days after germination. Unlike other crosses, those involving the cultivar ICCV 96030 generated a large number of pods with comparatively large ovules. One albino plantlet was obtained from the ICCV 96030 × ICC 17269 cross by embryo rescue. Crosses involving ICCV 10 resulted in flower drop and poor pod set. These variable genotype-specific responses of pod, ovule, and seed development indicate that genetic factors affect the formation of interspecific hybrids. Although pod and seed formation in these interspecific crosses can be improved, geneflow between these materials is hindered by a strong genetic factor conferring albinism in the F1 hybrids.

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A study on genomic relationships of Agropyron trachycaulum with Elymus scabriglumis, E. innovatus, and Hordeum procerum

Genome ◽

10.1139/g88-088 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 525-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

P. K. Gupta ◽

H. S. Balyan ◽

George Fedak

Keyword(s):

Chiasma Frequency ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Intergeneric Hybrids ◽

Genomic Constitution ◽

Rescue Technique ◽

Genomic Relationships ◽

Chromosome Associations ◽

Synthetic Hybrids ◽

The Mean ◽

Agropyron Trachycaulum

Synthetic hybrids of Agropyron trachycaulum (2n = 4x = 28) with Elymus scabriglumis (2n = 6x = 42), E. innovatus (2n = 4x = 28), and Hordeum procerum (2n = 6x = 42) were produced through the embryo rescue technique, at relative frequencies of 7.1, 4.2, and 1.8%, respectively, of pollinated florets. The mean chromosome associations in two hybrids with E. scabriglumis was 11.71II + 1.47III + 0.15IV (mean chiasma frequency = 22.75), in one hybrid with H. procerum was 7.27II + 0.63III + 0.09IV (mean chiasma frequency = 10.20) and in a hybrid with E. innovatus was 2.8II (2.19 chiasma frequency). The data suggested two common genomes (S and H) with E. scabriglumis, one common genome (H) with H. procerum, and no common genome with E. innovatus. The evidence obtained suggested a SSHHYY genomic constitution for E. scabriglumis and two genomes different from SH for E. innovatus. The evidence also suggested that in H. procerum there may not be two related genomes present (derived from H. jubatum) as speculated in some earlier studies.Key words: intergeneric hybrids, Agropyron, Elymus, Hordeum, chromosome pairing.

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A successful application of the embryo rescue technique as a model for studying crosses between Salix viminalis and Populus species

Australian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1071/bt10270 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 382 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna ◽

Maciej Zenkteler ◽

Elzbieta Zenkteler ◽

Maria K. Wojciechowicz ◽

Abdelali Barakat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Embryo Rescue ◽

Female Parent ◽

Botanical Garden ◽

Intergeneric Hybrids ◽

Salix Viminalis ◽

Putative Hybrid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Hybrid Nature ◽

Rescue Technique

Embryos and plants from the crosses Salix viminalis L. as the female parent and Populus alba L., P. violascens Dode or P. tremula L. as the male parent were obtained by in vitro embryo rescue technique. F1 intergeneric progeny were obtained by overcoming post-zygotic barriers caused by the deficiency of endosperm as nutritive tissue during the first stage of embryo development. Ovules containing immature heart-stage embryos as well as early cotyledonary embryos were isolated and rescued in modified 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 3% sucrose to ensure maturity. Seedlings were cultured under in vitro conditions in 1/2 MS medium that contained 0.2 mg l–1 naphtaleneacetic acid and plantlets after rooting were transferred first into pots and subsequently to the experimental field in the Botanical Garden in Poznań, Poland. After 2 years, the putative hybrid nature of the plants was checked by analysing morphological characters and molecular markers. Scanning electron microscopy, flow cytometry and random amplification of polymorphic DNA screening of individuals confirmed the hybrid nature of the S. viminalis × P. alba and S. viminalis × P. violascens progeny and of 25% of the analysed plants from the cross S. viminalis × P. tremula. This study showed the feasibility of overcoming pre- and post-fertilisation barriers to achieve intergeneric hybrids between species from two genera of Salicaceae. The in vitro system to produce hybrids with characters of both parents could be of great importance for increasing biomass production. This study also opens new opportunities to improve other traits in trees, such as resistance to pathogens inherited from one parent.

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Improvement of embryo rescue technique using 4-chloroindole-3 acetic acid in combination with in vivo grafting to overcome barriers in lentil interspecific crosses

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-014-0584-3 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 120 (1) ◽

pp. 109-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Saha ◽

A. Tullu ◽

H. Y. Yuan ◽

M. M. Lulsdorf ◽

A. Vandenberg

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Rescue Technique

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Optimum age of siliques for rescue of hybrid embryos from crosses between Brassica oleracea, B. rapa and B. carinata

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p04-003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 965-969 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

M. H. Rahman

Keyword(s):

Survival Rate ◽

Embryo Rescue ◽

Interspecific Cross ◽

Female Parent ◽

Maximum Efficiency ◽

Interspecific Crosses ◽

Seed Color ◽

Female Embryo ◽

Genome Species ◽

Rescue Technique

Interspecific hybrids were produced from crosses involving Brassica rapa var. Yellow Sarson (AA), Canadian B. rapa (AA) cultivars, B. oleracea var. alboglabra (CC), B. oleracea var. italica (CC), rapidcycling B. oleracea (CC) and B. carinata (BBCC) to introgress the yellow seed color or self-incompatibility genes into B. napus. Embryo rescue technique was employed for this purpose. In interspecific crosses where a CC genome species was used as the female parent, a significantly lower number of ovules were fertilized compared to the crosses where the BBCC genome species was female. Embryo growth and development were slower in the crosses where the CC genome species was female than in the crosses where BBCC genome species was female. The efficiency of the embryo rescue technique from 16 to 40 d after pollination (DAP) with 4-d intervals was investigated in the crosses using CC genome species as female. The highest numbers of embryos were rescued between 20 and 28 DAP depending upon the specific cross undertaken. However, the survival rate of the embryos rescued at 20 DAP was very low compared to the embryos rescued at 24 and 28 DAP. The survival rate of the embryos rescued at 32 DAP was generally high, but the number of embryos rescued at this stage was significantly lower than at 24 and 28 DAP. No embryos were obtained at 16 DAP or at 40 DAP. Thus, using the CC genome species as female parent, the maximum efficiency of the embryo rescue technique was achieved when embryos were rescued between 24 and 28 DAP. In the case of crosses using the BBCC genome species as female, rescue of hybrid embryos was successful at 18 and 22 DAP. Key words: Brassica, interspecific cross, embryo rescue, embryo development

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Embryo-rescue Culture in `Galia' Male Parental Line Melon [Cucumis melo (L.) var. reticulatus Ser.]

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1104b ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1104B-1104

Author(s):

Hector G. Nunez-Palenius ◽

Daniel J. Cantliffe ◽

Harry J. Klee ◽

Don J. Huber

Keyword(s):

Embryo Rescue ◽

Basic Medium ◽

Parental Line ◽

Wild Type ◽

Embryo Abortion ◽

Rescue Technique ◽

Rescue System ◽

Transgenic Embryos ◽

Cucumis Melo L ◽

Efficiency Rate

Embryo abortion and empty seeds after self-pollination occur in some transgenic (ACO antisense) `Galia' male parental lines. An embryo-rescue system in this melon was developed to save potential viable embryos. To obtain the best and reliable embryo-rescue technique, several parameters were used including an improved (five new supplements) nutrient medium (named E-21) from the E-20A basic medium (Sauton and Dumax de Vaulx, 1987), an inoculation system (removing the embryo from the seed or intact seed), and the use of different fruit harvesting dates of the wild type and a transgenic `Galia' male parental line. Fruits of wild type (WT) and transgenic (ACO gene in antisense orientation) `Galia' male parental line were harvested at 4, 10, 17, 24, and 30 days after pollination (DAP). Fruits were surface sterilized by dipping in a 20% commercial bleach solution for 30 minutes. Subsequently, seeds were removed from fruit under sterile conditions. These seeds were either used to dissect the embryos or placed directly with the hilum facing E-20A or E-21 medium. Seedlings from all treatments were transferred to E-21 elongation medium, incubated 4 weeks, and transferred to soil to evaluate growth. The efficiency of this technique was greater when the time after pollination (4, 10, 17, 24, and 30 DAP) to rescue the embryos was increased. Thus, 30 DAP was the best time to rescue the embryos. The number of rescued embryos using E-21 medium was greater than with E-20A. We did not find any significant differences in survival efficiency rate between WT and transgenic embryos. We have obtained a competent embryo-rescue technique for WT and transgenic `Galia' male parental line, which can be applied to rescue valuable GMO hybrid-melon embryos.

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