In vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans on infective larvae of Oesophagostomum spp. after passing through gastrointestinal tract of pigs

AbstractThe predatory capacity of nematophagous fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a), M. appendiculatum (CGI), M. sinense (SF53), Arthrobotrys conoides (I-40), A. cladodes (CG719) and A. robusta (I-31) on infective Ancylostoma sp. larvae (L3) was evaluated. Compared with the control without fungi there was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 87.02%, 82.74%, 47.93%, 60.49%, 76.89%, 71.33% and 86.02% in the mean number of Ancylostoma sp. (L3) recovered from treatments with the isolates AC001, NF34a, CGI, SF53, I-40, CG719 and I-31, respectively. Isolates AC001, I-31 and NF34a were more effective in capturing L3 during the in vitro assay. Isolates were then in vivo evaluated for the capacity to remain viable after passing through the gastrointestinal tract of dogs, while still maintaining their predatory activity against L3. Fungal isolates survived the passage and showed efficient predation 48 h after fungal administration to the dogs (P < 0.05). After this time, only the isolate NF34a remained effective up to 96 h after administration (P < 0.05). Monacrosporium thaumasium, D. flagrans and A. robusta are potential biological control agents of Ancylostoma sp. in dogs.

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In vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi and after passing through gastrointestinal tract of equine on infective larvae of Strongyloides westeri

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-010-1841-y ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 107 (1) ◽

pp. 103-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Juliana M. Araujo ◽

Jackson V. Araújo ◽

Fabio R. Braga ◽

Rogério O. Carvalho

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Strongyloides Westeri

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Phylogenetic Analysis of Nucleotide Sequences from the ITS Region and Biological Characterization of Nematophagous Fungi from Morelos, Mexico

Journal of Mycology ◽

10.1155/2016/8502629 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Gloria Sarahí Castañeda-Ramírez ◽

Pedro Mendoza-de-Gives ◽

Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino ◽

María Eugenia López-Arellano ◽

Jesús Hernández-Romano

Keyword(s):

Biological Function ◽

Its Region ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Biological Characterization ◽

High Identity ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Morphological Taxonomy

We determined the morphological taxonomy of eighteen nematophagous fungi (NF), as well as their in vitro predatory activity against Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3). Fungi were classified into six genera and three species, the most common of which were Monacrosporium eudermatum and Arthrobotrys oligospora. We then sequenced five NF isolates using ITS4 and ITS5 primers. These sequences showed high identity with sequences from the NCBI database (98-99%). In contrast, alignments among the same genera and species demonstrated 83–97% identity. Polymorphisms observed between Arthrobotrys and Monacrosporium appear to be associated with differences in biological function, nonspecific mutations, evolutionary processes, feeding behaviour, predatory activity, and microecosystems.

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Fungal Antagonism Assessment of Predatory Species and Producers Metabolites and Their Effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusInfective Larvae

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/241582 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manoel Eduardo Silva ◽

Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽

Pedro Mendoza de Gives ◽

Jair Millán-Orozco ◽

Miguel Angel Mercado Uriostegui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Antagonistic Effect ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Clonostachys Rosea ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Fungal Isolates ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Fungal Antagonism

The objective of this study was to assess antagonism of nematophagous fungi and species producers metabolites and their effectiveness onHaemonchus contortusinfective larvae (L3). Assay A assesses the synergistic, additive, or antagonistic effect on the production of spores of fungal isolates of the speciesDuddingtonia flagrans,Clonostachys rosea,Trichoderma esau, andArthrobotrys musiformis; Assay B evaluates in vitro the effect of intercropping of these isolates grown in 2% water-agar (2% WA) on L3ofH. contortus.D. flagrans(Assay A) produced 5.3 × 106spores and associated withT. esau,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 60.37, 45.28, and 49.05%, respectively.T. esauproduced 7.9 × 107conidia and associated withD. flagrans,A. musiformis, orC. roseareduced its production by 39.24, 82.27, and 96.96%, respectively.A. musiformisproduced 7.3 × 109spores and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orC. roseareduced its production by 99.98, 99.99, and 99.98%, respectively.C. roseaproduced 7.3 × 108conidia and associated withD. flagrans,T. esau, orA. musiformisreduced its production by 95.20, 96.84, and 93.56%, respectively. These results show evidence of antagonism in the production of spores between predators fungi.

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First report of interaction of nematophagous fungi onLibyostrongylus douglassii (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae)

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612013000100027 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 147-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Fabio Ribeiro Braga ◽

Jackson Victor Araújo ◽

Alexandre de Oliveira Tavela ◽

Vinicius Longo Ribeiro Vilela ◽

Filippe Elias de Freitas Soares ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Agar Medium ◽

Experimental Testing ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Control Group ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Predatory Capacity ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasite

Libyostrongylus douglassii is a gastrointestinal nematode parasite of ostriches that can cause up to 50% mortality in young birds. The objective of this study was to compare the predatory capacity of two isolates of the predatory fungi Duddingtonia flagrans(AC001 and CG722 isolates) and one of Arthrobotrys cladodes (CG719) on infective larvae (L3) of L. douglassii under laboratory conditions, in 2% water-agar medium. The results showed that the fungi tested were effective in preying upon the L3 of L. douglassii (P < 0.05), compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in predatory capacity between the fungi tested (P > 0.05) during the seven days of experimental testing. In comparison with the control, without fungus, there were significant decreases (P < 0.05) of 85.2% (AC001), 81.2% (CG722) and 89.2% (CG719) in the average numbers of L3 of L. douglassii recovered from treatments with the isolates tested. In the present study, the three isolates of the predatory fungi D. flagrans (AC001 and CG722) andA. cladodes (CG719) were efficient at in vitro destruction of the L3 of L. douglassii.

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Predatory activity of nematophagus fungus Duddingtonia flagrans in infective larvae after gastrointestinal transit: biological control in pasture areas and in vitro

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x21000195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

Author(s):

Barbara Haline Buss Baiak ◽

Jennifer Mayara Gasparina ◽

Letícia Ianke ◽

Karolini Tenffen de Sousa ◽

Matheus Deniz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Gastrointestinal Transit ◽

Treated Group ◽

Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽

Control Group ◽

Duddingtonia Flagrans ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Pasture Area

Abstract Biological control is a strategy to decrease parasitic populations, and the action takes place through natural antagonists in the environment. We studied the predatory activity of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans in infective larvae (L3) of gastrointestinal nematodes after gastrointestinal transit. Ten heifers were divided into two groups: treated (animals received pellets containing fungus) and control (animals received pellets without fungus). Twelve hours after administration, faeces samples were collected for in vitro efficacy tests. The animals then remained for 7 h in the experimental pasture area. At the end of this period, 20 faecal pads (ten treated and ten control) were selected at random. Pasture, faecal pad and soil collections occurred with an interval of 7 days, totalling four assessments. In vitro activity demonstrated that fungi effectively preyed on L3, achieving a reduction percentage of 88%. In the faecal pad of the pasture area, there was a difference (P < 0.05) between collections 3 and 4 for both groups; in the treated group a reduction of 65% was obtained, while in the control group there was an increase of 217% in the number of L3. The recovery of L3 in the soil and in the pasture was similar in both groups. There was no influence (P = 0.87) of the passage time on the fungus predatory activity. Duddingtonia flagrans demonstrated the ability to survive gastrointestinal transit in the animals, reducing the number of L3 in the faeces, indicating that this biological control has great potential in the control of worm infections.

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In vitro predatory activity of nematophagous fungi isolated from water buffalo feces and from soil in the Mexican southeastern

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ◽

10.1590/s1984-29612019011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 314-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nadia Florencia Ojeda-Robertos ◽

Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino ◽

Agustín Olmedo-Juárez ◽

Carlos Luna-Palomera ◽

Jorge Alonso Peralta-Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Haemonchus Contortus ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Water Buffalo ◽

Reduction Rate ◽

Nematophagous Fungi ◽

Arthrobotrys Oligospora ◽

Predatory Activity ◽

Infective Larvae ◽

Petri Dishes

Abstract Nematophagous fungi from the feces of water buffalo and soil from southeastern Mexico were isolated, and their in vitro predatory activity against Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3) (HcL3) was assessed. The fungi were isolated by sprinkling soil or feces on water agar plates. Six series of 10 Petri dishes containing a 7-day-old culture of each fungus and a series without fungi as the control were prepared. Five hundred HcL3 were added to each plate. The plates were incubated at room temperature. The average of recovered HcL3 was considered to estimate the larval reduction rate. Four nematophagous fungi isolates corresponding to Arthrobotrys oligospora, var microspora (strains 4-276, 269 and 50-80) and one identified as A. oligospora,var. oligospora (isolates 48-80) were obtained from water buffalo feces. From the soil, five isolates were isolated; three corresponded to A. musiformis (Bajío, Yumca and Macuspana isolates), and two isolates were identified as A. oligospora (Comalcalco and Jalapa de Méndez isolates). The predatory activity of isolates from water buffalo feces ranged between 85.9 and 100%. Meanwhile, the fungi from the soil ranged between 55.5 and 100% (p≤0.05). The nematophagous fungi obtained could have important implications in the control of parasites of importance in the livestock industry.

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