The relationship between salinity, suspended particulate matter and water clarity in aquatic systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Håkanson
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Aquatic Systems ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Distribution, fractionation and sources of rare earth elements in suspended particulate matter in a tropical agricultural catchment, northeast Thailand

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10853
Author(s):  
Kunhua Yang ◽  
Guilin Han ◽  
Jie Zeng ◽  
Wenxiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mekong River ◽  
Northeast Thailand ◽  
Eu Anomaly ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
The Relationship

Forty-eight suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples were collected from the Mun River, northeast Thailand and its junction with the Mekong River, to investigate the relationship between the distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in SPM and the soils in the watershed. The total REE contents (∑REE) in SPM in the Mun River ranged from 78.5 to 377.8 mg/kg with the average of 189.3 mg/kg, which was lower than ∑REE of 222.3 mg/kg at the Mekong River (one sample at junction). The Post Archean Australia Shale (PAAS)-normalized ratios of light REE (LREE), middle REE (MREE) and heavy REE (HREE) were averaged to 1.0, 1.3 and 1.0, which showed a clear enrichment in MREE. In short, along the Mun River, the REE contents in SPM were decreasing, and the PAAS-normalized patterns of REE showed gradually flat. The REE content in SPM and soils are highest in the upper catchment, indicating that soil/bedrock is the most important source of REE in SPM. Additionally, the positive Eu anomaly was enhanced by the higher Ca content in SPM (R = 0.45), which may be caused by more feldspars or carbonates with Ca and Eu substituting Ca. The results present the REE behaviors of SPM in the Mun River and relationship between REE in SPM and soil/bedrock, the findings may support the other studies in catchment weathering.

scholarly journals Climate-Driven Variations in Suspended Particulate Matter Dominate Water Clarity in Shallow Lakes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chong Fang ◽  
Pierre-Andre Jacinthe ◽  
Changchun Song ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Kaishan Song
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Suspended Particulate

scholarly journals Retrieval of Suspended Particulate Matter in Inland Waters with Widely Differing Optical Properties Using a Semi-Analytical Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nariane Bernardo ◽  
Alisson do Carmo ◽  
Edward Park ◽  
Enner Alcântara
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Optical Model ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Suspended particulate matter (SPM) directly affects the underwater light field and, as a consequence, changes the water clarity and can reduce the primary production. Remote sensing-based bio-optical modeling can provide efficient monitoring of the spatiotemporal dynamics of SPM in inland waters. In this paper, we present a novel and robust bio-optical model to retrieve SPM concentrations for inland waters with widely differing optical properties (the Tietê River Cascade System (TRCS) in Brazil). In this system, high levels of Chl-a concentration of up to 700 mg/m3, turbidity up to 80 NTU and high CDOM absorption highly complicate the optical characteristics of the surface water, imposing an additional challenge in retrieving SPM concentration. Since Kd is not susceptible to the saturation issue encountered when using remote sensing reflectance (Rrs), we estimate SPM concentrations via Kd. Kd was derived analytically from inherent optical properties (IOPs) retrieved through a re-parameterized quasi-analytical algorithm (QAA) that yields relevant accuracy. Our model improved the estimates of the IOPs by up to 30% when compared to other existing QAAs. Our developed bio-optical model using Kd(655) was capable of describing 74% of SPM variations in the TRCS, with average error consistently lower than 30%.

scholarly journals Natural isotopic composition of nitrogen in suspended particulate matter in the Bay of Bengal

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
R. Ramesh ◽  
N. B. Bhosle ◽  
S. Sardesai ◽  
M. S. Sheshshayee
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. We present the first measurement of nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N) in suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the surface Bay of Bengal (BOB) at 24 different locations during pre- (April–May 2003) and post- (September–October 2002) monsoon seasons. The δ15N of particulate organic nitrogen (PON) in surface suspended matter of coastal as well as northern open BOB shows signatures of a two end-member mixing between continental inputs and marine sources. Dilution by the organic and detrital continental material brought in by rivers leads to consistently lower δ15N, evident from the relationship between surface salinity and δ15N. δ15N of surface PON of open ocean locations during both seasons, and also at coastal locations during pre-monsoon suggest the nitrate from deeper waters as a predominant source of nutrient for planktons. The depth profiles of δ15N of SPM during pre-monsoon season at nine different locations are also presented. These indicate an increase in δ15N by a maximum of 2.8‰ between euphotic depth and 300 m, which is lower than that observed in the eastern Indian Ocean, indicating the role of higher sinking rates of particles ballasted by aggregates of organic and mineral matter in BOB.

scholarly journals Natural isotopic composition of nitrogen in suspended particulate matter in the Bay of Bengal

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kumar ◽  
R. Ramesh ◽  
N. B. Bhosle ◽  
S. Sardesai ◽  
M. S. Sheshshayee
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. We present the first measurement of nitrogen isotopic composition (δ15N) in suspended particulate matter (SPM) of the surface Bay of Bengal (BOB) at 24 different locations during pre- (April–May 2003) and post- (September–October 2002) monsoon seasons. The δ15N of particulate organic nitrogen (PON) in surface suspended matter of coastal as well as northern open BOB shows signatures of a two end-member mixing between continental inputs and marine sources. Dilution by the organic and detrital continental material brought in by rivers leads to consistently lower δ15N, evident from the relationship between surface salinity and δ15N. δ15N of surface PON of open ocean locations during both seasons, and also at coastal locations during pre-monsoon suggest the nitrate from deeper waters as a predominant source of nutrient for planktons. The depth profiles of δ15N of SPM during pre-monsoon season at nine different locations are also presented. These indicate an increase in δ15N by a maximum of 2.8‰ between euphotic depth and 300 m, which is lower than that observed in the eastern Indian Ocean, indicating the role of higher sinking rates of particles ballasted by aggregates of organic and mineral matter in BOB.

scholarly journals Effect of Air Pollution on Age at Menarche

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Wronka ◽  
Katarzyna Kliś
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Age At Menarche ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives to analyse the association between the degree of air pollution (suspended particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, benzopyrene levels) in the location of residence during childhood and adolescence and the age at menarche Methods Anthropometric measurements were performed, and questionnaire data were collected from 1,257 women, aged 19-25 years Results Negative relationships between age at menarche and suspended particulate matter as well as nitrogen levels were found. A similar trend was observed in an analysis of the relationship between age at menarche and the complex air pollution index. The tendency for age at menarche to decrease together with worsening air quality was also visible after adjusted for socioeconomic status. Girls exposed to high suspended particulate matter levels were characterised by higher risk of early age at menarche. Conclusion High levels of air pollution are related to younger age at menarche and the risk of the menstruation onset below 11 y.

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