The Intertemporal Equilibrium Modeling of Intra-EMU and Global Trade Imbalances

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Farmer
Author(s):  
Jelena Trivić

The scope of this paper is to define thenotion of global imbalances as well as to present theamounts of trade imbalances of the world's largest tradersin the period before and in the aftermath of the globaleconomic crisis. Although the global economic crisis hassomewhat corrected high deficits, or surpluses of the world'slargest traders, data show that after the recovery of worldtrade after the global economic crisis, there is a resumptionof trade imbalances in these countries. The global tradeimbalances of the world's largest traders are shown inabsolute terms as the difference between the import andexport of goods, but also in relative terms expressed as ashare of the surplus or deficit in the gross domestic productof each country. It is important to point out that thirteencountries whose trade imbalances are represented in thispaper, either individually or as aggregated within a group ofcountries, make up over half of the world's total trade ingoods.


2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1450014 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCO DUEÑAS ◽  
GIORGIO FAGIOLO

In this paper, we study trade imbalances between world countries in the period 1960–2011 using a complex-network approach. We show that trade imbalances in absolute value are characterized by a hierarchical arrangement wherein a few developed economies display high clustering and carry an important amount of global-trade imbalances. In contrast, trade imbalances in relative terms show a more fragmented topology, with less concentrated clustering which is particularly high for developing countries. In addition, we find that traditional null random-network models and the gravity model poorly predict the topology of trade imbalance networks. Our main finding is that the evolution of international trade has caused very heterogeneous imbalances in world economies, which may have important consequences for global instability and development.


2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1149-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Patalano

AbstractThe Scarce Currency Clause (SCC) in the IMF’s Articles of Agreement (Article VII) was originally designed to establish an effective, automatic mechanism to stimulate the surplus countries to adopt adjustment policies and to correct chronic imbalances. The clause formally authorises countries with a chronic deficit to apply trade discrimination against a surplus country, by imposing tariffs and other restrictions on its exports. But the SCC has never been applied, and its permanence in the IMF’s Articles of Agreement appears today as a relic of the past, an example of post-war international cooperation. This paper presents an analytical survey of the debate on the SCC in the first decade of the IMF, exploring the contemporary opinions on the possibility that this instrument could be effectively used to correct the chronic imbalances in the post-war world and to resolve the problem of dollar shortage. More recently, the persistence of current global trade imbalances has stimulated a renewed reflection on the automatic instrument for encouraging or compelling countries to undertake necessary adjustments. The paper is focusing on recent proposals for correcting imbalances against surplus countries.


2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Rodney N. Sullivan

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 87-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Prell ◽  
Kuishuang Feng

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