FUNDAMENTALS OF EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN MODERN CONDITIONS

Today, the problem of increasing the efficiency of large Russian industrial enterprises is one of the most important national economic problems of the domestic economy. Purpose of the study. In this regard, the purpose of the study of this work is to improve the processes of prepa¬ring and mak-ing managerial decisions on the strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises of our country in the current conditions of global instability and increasing international competition. Materials and methods. The scientific provisions presented in the article are an integral set of measures that ensure the implementation of both strategic and operational management algorithms for industrial enterprises. At the same time, the methods of mathematical modeling and financial and economic analytics were used. Results. The results of the study are: a well-founded set of scien-tific provisions on the strategic management of industrial enterprises, as well as a predictive and adaptive approach to the operational management of production companies in the conditions of both stable development of the world economy and international financial and economic crises. On the basis of the developed sets of scientific provisions, sets of mathematical models for the stra-tegic management of industrial enterprises and their operational management are formed. Conclu-sion. The scientific provisions and materials presented in this article enable the heads of industrial enterprises to form holistic and comprehensively justified strategies for their long-term development, as well as algorithms for operational management of industrial divisions of enterprises during peri-ods of global instability.

The conceptual basis of strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises in conditions of instability

The problems of strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises in modern conditions of global instability cannot be effectively solved, as in the recent past. New approaches, methods and models are needed that would take into account the complexities of managing industrial enterprises in modern business conditions. Purpose of the study. It is necessary to create a new adaptive approach to the strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises, which would take into account the accelerating dynamics of international markets, as well as the factors of indirect and direct impact on the enterprise, which mainly determine its adaptability. Materials and methods. The main provisions of the conceptual basis of strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises, as well as a set of mathematical models for the implementation of this process are presented. Results. The materials formulated in the article on the preparation and adoption of managerial decisions allow the owners and managers of industrial enterprises to assess all aspects of this process in interrelation and form, in essence, a new paradigm for the functioning of industrial enterprises in conditions of military-political and socio-economic instability in the world, as well as the introduction various sanctions on the part of Western countries in relation to Russian industrial enterprises. At the same time, it becomes possible to take into account the factors of direct and indirect impact on industrial enterprises, which have become especially important in recent years. Conclusion. The approach presented in this article to the formation of the conceptual basis of strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises is, in essence, new and relevant, allowing company shareholders to form promising strategies for the development of industrial enterprises in conjunction with the procedures for operational management of the current activities of enterprises. Thus, the preparation and adoption of decisions on the management of industrial enterprises, both at the strategic and operational levels, becomes possible to carry out on the basis of a holistic algorithm based on the complex of models and methods of strategic and operational management of industrial enterprises developed by the author.

A Numerical Study of the Global Instability in Counter-Current Homogeneous Density Incompressible Round Jets

The paper focuses on a global instability phenomenon in counter-current round jets issuing from co-axial nozzles. Three different configurations that differ in a way of the counter flow generation are investigated. Besides typical configurations used in experimental and numerical research performed so far, in which suction applied in an annular nozzle is a driving force for the counterflow, a novel set-up is proposed where the annular nozzle is oriented in the opposite direction and placed above the main one. Such a configuration eliminates the suction of fluid from the main jet, which in previous research was found to have a destructive impact on the occurrence of the global flow instability. The research is performed using a large eddy simulation (LES) method and the computations are carried out applying a high-order numerical code, the accuracy of which has been proven in previous works and also in the present research through comparisons with available experimental data. The research is complemented by the linear stability analysis which supports the LES results and formulated conclusions. In agreement with a number of the previous works it has been shown that the global modes can be triggered only when the velocity ratio (I) between the main jet velocity and the velocity of the jet issuing from the annular nozzle is above a certain threshold level ($$I_{\text {cr}}$$ I cr ). It has been shown that in the classical configurations of the co-axial nozzles the range of $$I\ge I_{\text {cr}}$$ I ≥ I cr for which the global instability phenomenon exists is very narrow and it disappears for larger velocity ratios. Reasons for that have been identified through detailed scrutiny of instantaneous flow pictures. In the new set-up of the nozzles the global instability persists for a significantly wider range of I. It has been shown that $$I_{\text {cr}}$$ I cr depends on both the momentum thickness of the mixing layer formed between the counter-current streams and the applied configuration of the nozzles. The LES results univocally showed that the latter factor decides on the type of the instability mode (Mode I or Mode II) that emerges in the flow, as it directly influences on a length of the region where the counter-current streams are parallel allowing the growth of short or long wave disturbances characteristic for Mode I and Mode II, respectively.

The Formation of the Institutional System of Russian Small and Medium-Sized Business in the Service Sector in a Period of Global Instability

the problem of the formation of the institutional system of the Russian organization of the service sector is considered. The process of formation of the term “institution” is traced and the definition of the concept “institutional system of an enterprise in the service sector” is formulated. A structural model of the institutional system of small and medium-sized enterprises is proposed, as well as an approach for filling it. The classification of business organizations according to the type of the institutional system formed in them has been determined and their strengths have been identified. A method for transforming an informal institutional system into a formal one is proposed, which in turn is intended to determine the vector of the formation of the institutional system of the Russian organization of the service sector in the period of global instability.

Can the Liberal Order be Sustained? Nations, Network Effects, and the Erosion of Global Institutions

A growing retreat from multilateralism is threatening to upend the institutions that underpin the liberal international order. This article applies network theory to this crisis in global governance, arguing that policymakers can strengthen these institutions by leveraging network effect pressures. Network effects arise when networks of actors—say language speakers or users of a social media platform—interact and the value one user derives from the network increases as other users join the network (e.g., the more people who speak your language, the more useful it is because there are more people with whom you can communicate). Crucially, network effect pressures produce what is called ‘lock-in’—a situation in which actors are unable to exit the network without incurring high costs and as a result become locked into the network. For example, because of their powerful network effect pressures, users of Facebook and the English language cannot easily exit these networks. International organizations such as the UN, the WTO, the IMF, etc., are networks of sovereign states that likewise produce network effect pressures. As such, intensifying their network effect pressure can lock countries more firmly into these institutions. To that end, this article proposes a suite of strategies policymakers may use to manipulate the network effect pressures generated by international organizations to strengthen these institutions and the multilateral treaties that establish them—an approach the article calls treaty hacking. The article offers a toolkit from which policymakers can draw to bolster the liberal order in the face of growing global instability and change.