scholarly journals Brain 5-HT2A receptor binding and its neural network related to behavioral inhibition system

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuho Kojima ◽  
Shigeki Hirano ◽  
Yasuyuki Kimura ◽  
Chie Seki ◽  
Yoko Ikoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Anxiety Depression

AbstractThe tendency to avoid punishment, called behavioral inhibition system, is an essential aspect of motivational behavior. Behavioral inhibition system is related to negative affect, such as anxiety, depression and pain, but its neural basis has not yet been clarified. To clarify the association between individual variations in behavioral inhibition system and brain 5-HT2A receptor availability and specify which brain networks were involved in healthy male subjects, using [18F]altanserin positron emission tomography and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Behavioral inhibition system score negatively correlated with 5-HT2A receptor availability in anterior cingulate cortex. A statistical model indicated that the behavioral inhibition system score was associated with 5-HT2A receptor availability, which was mediated by the functional connectivity between anterior cingulate cortex and left middle frontal gyrus, both of which involved in the cognitive control of negative information processing. Individuals with high behavioral inhibition system displays low 5-HT2A receptor availability in anterior cingulate cortex and this cognitive control network links with prefrontal-cingulate integrity. These findings have implications for underlying the serotonergic basis of physiologies in aversion.

scholarly journals Serotonergic neural network related to behavioral inhibition system

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuho Kojima ◽  
Shigeki Hirano ◽  
Yasuyuki Kimura ◽  
Chie Seki ◽  
Yoko Ikoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Behavioral Inhibition System ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Left Middle

Rationale The tendency to avoid punishment, called behavioral inhibition system (BIS), is an essential aspect of motivational behavior. BIS is related to negative affect, such as anxiety, depression and pain, but its neural basis has not yet been clarified. Objectives To clarify the association between individual variations in BIS and brain 5- HT 2A receptor availability and specify which brain networks were involved in healthy male subjects, using [ 18 F]altanserin positron emission tomography (PET) and resting- state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Result s BIS score negatively correlated with 5-HT 2A receptor availability in anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). A statistical model indicated that the BIS score was associated with 5-HT 2A receptor availability, which was mediated by the functional connectivity between ACC and left middle frontal gyrus, both of which involved in the cognitive control of negative information processing. Conclusions Individuals with high BIS displays low 5-HT 2A receptor availability in ACC and this cognitive control network links with prefrontal- cingulate integrity. These findings have implications for underlying the serotonergic basis of physiologies in aversion.

Anterior cingulate cortex glutamate and its association with striatal functioning during cognitive control

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilly Naaijen ◽  
David J. Lythgoe ◽  
Marcel P. Zwiers ◽  
Catharina A. Hartman ◽  
Pieter J. Hoekstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate

Anatomy of Motor Learning. I. Frontal Cortex and Attention to Action

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1313-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jueptner ◽  
K. M. Stephan ◽  
C. D. Frith ◽  
D. J. Brooks ◽  
R.S.J. Frackowiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Motor Learning ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Critical Feature ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
New Learning ◽  
The Right

Jueptner, M., K. M. Stephan, C. D. Frith, D. J. Brooks, R.S.J. Frackowiak, and R. E. Passingham. Anatomy of motor learning. I. Frontal cortex and attention to action. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 1313–1324, 1997. We used positron emission tomography to study new learning and automatic performance in normal volunteers. Subjects learned sequences of eight finger movements by trial and error. In a previous experiment we showed that the prefrontal cortex was activated during new learning but not during automatic performance. The aim of the present experiment was to see what areas could be reactivated if the subjects performed the prelearned sequence but were required to pay attention to what they were doing. Scans were carried out under four conditions. In the first the subjects performed a prelearned sequence of eight key presses; this sequence was learned before scanning and was practiced until it had become overlearned, so that the subjects were able to perform it automatically. In the second condition the subjects learned a new sequence during scanning. In a third condition the subjects performed the prelearned sequence, but they were required to attend to what they were doing; they were instructed to think about the next movement. The fourth condition was a baseline condition. As in the earlier study, the dorsal prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate area 32 were activated during new learning, but not during automatic performance. The left dorsal prefrontal cortex and the right anterior cingulate cortex were reactivated when subjects paid attention to the performance of the prelearned sequence compared with automatic performance of the same task. It is suggested that the critical feature was that the subjects were required to attend to the preparation of their responses. However, the dorsal prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex were activated more when the subjects learned a new sequence than they were when subjects simply paid attention to a prelearned sequence. New learning differs from the attention condition in that the subjects generated moves, monitored the outcomes, and remembered the responses that had been successful. All these are nonroutine operations to which the subjects must attend. Further analysis is needed to specify which are the nonroutine operations that require the involvement of the dorsal prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex.

Deficits in Selective Attention Following Bilateral Anterior Cingulotomy

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin W. Janer ◽  
José V. Pardo
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cognitive Operations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Attentional System ◽  
Cortical Regions ◽  
High Level

Positron emission tomographic (PET) studies of normal humans undergoing specific cognitive activation paradigms have identified a region of the anterior cingulate cortex as a component of an anterior, midline attentional system involved in high-level processing selection. However, deficits in attention have not been demonstrated in patients following bilateral anterior cingulotomy, a procedure that results in lesions of adjacent anterior cingulate cortex. Task paradigms used in PET studies that recruit the anterior cingulate cortex were applied to normal, control subjects and to a patient before and after cingulotomy to provide highly sensitive and functionally targeted reaction time measures of attentional performance. In contrast to unchanged performance in several neuropsychological measures, this patient demonstrated specific deficits in attention during the subacute postoperative period, which resolved spontaneously several months after surgery. Such impairment is consistent with the evolving view of the anterior cingulate's involvement in high-level processing selection. These data show the feasibility of using information from PET activation studies of normals in the design of novel chronometric tasks useful for probing abnormalities in specific cognitive operations associated with discrete cortical regions.

Activation of the anterior cingulate cortex by thalamic stimulation in patients with chronic pain: a positron emission tomography study

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Karen D. Davis ◽  
Ethan Taub ◽  
Frank Duffner ◽  
Andres M. Lozano ◽  
Ronald R. Tasker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positron Emission Tomography ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Analgesic Effect ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Emission Tomography ◽  
Intractable Pain ◽  
Positron Emission

Object Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the sensory thalamus has been used to treat chronic, intractable pain. The goal of this study was to investigate the thalamocortical pathways activated during thalamic DBS. Methods The authors compared positron emission tomography (PET) images obtained before, during, and after DBS in five patients with chronic pain. Two of the five patients reported significant DBS-induced pain relief during PET scanning, and the remaining three patients did not report any analgesic effect of DBS during scanning. The most robust effect associated with DBS was activation of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). An anterior ACC activation was sustained throughout the 40 minutes of DBS, whereas a more posteriorly located ACC activation occurred at a delay after onset of DBS, although these activations were not dependent on the degree of pain relief reported during DBS. However, implications specific to the analgesic effect of DBS require further study of a larger, more homogeneous patient population. Additional effects of thalamic DBS were detected in motor-related regions (the globus pallidus, cortical area 4, and the cerebellum) and visual and association cortical areas. Conclusions The authors demonstrate that the ACC is activated during thalamic DBS in patients with chronic pain.

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