scholarly journals Determining a sampling regime for PCR detection of respiratory tract viral infection at coronial post-mortem examinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-462
Author(s):  
Caitlin Gilsenan-Reed ◽  
Geoff Higgins ◽  
Neil Langlois
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Sampling Regime

scholarly journals Epidemiological characteristics of four common respiratory viral infections in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guohong Zhu ◽  
Dan Xu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Tianlin Wang ◽  
Lingyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

Abstract Background Viruses are the main infectious agents of acute respiratory infections in children. We aim to describe the epidemiological characteristics of viral pathogens of acute respiratory tract infections in outpatient children. Methods From April 2018 to March 2019, the results of viral detection using oral pharyngeal swabs from 103,210 children with acute respiratory tract infection in the outpatient department of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, were retrospectively analyzed. Viral antigens, including adenovirus (ADV), influenza A (FLUA), influenza B (FLUB) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), were detected by the colloidal gold method. Results At least one virus was detected in 38,355 cases; the positivity rate was 37.2%. A total of 1910 cases of mixed infection with two or more viruses were detected, and the positivity rate of multiple infection was 1.9%. The ADV positivity rate was highest in the 3–6-year-old group (18.7%), the FLUA positivity rate was highest in the > 6-year-old group (21.6%), the FLUB positivity rate was highest in the > 6-year-old group (6.6%), and the RSV positivity rate was highest in the < 1-year-old group (10.6%). There was a significant difference in the positivity rate of viral infection among different age groups (χ2 = 1280.7, P < 0.001). The rate of positive viral infection was highest in winter (47.1%). The ADV infection rate was highest in spring (18.2%). The rates of FLUA and FLUB positivity were highest in winter (28.8% and 3.6%, respectively). The rate of RSV positivity was highest in autumn (17.4%). The rate of positive viral infection in different seasons was significantly different (χ2 = 6459.1, P < 0.001). Conclusions Viral infection rates in children differ for different ages and seasons. The positivity rate of ADV is highest in the preschool period and that of RSV is highest in infants; that of FLU increases with age. The total positive rate of viral infection in different seasons is highest in winter, as is the rate of FLU positivity.

scholarly journals Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 Viral RNA in Nasopharyngeal Swabs after Death: An Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 800
Author(s):  
Francesca Servadei ◽  
Silvestro Mauriello ◽  
Manuel Scimeca ◽  
Bartolo Caggiano ◽  
Marco Ciotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
Clinical Documentation ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Time Points

The aim of this study was to investigate the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in post-mortem swabs of subjects who died from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The presence of the virus was evaluated post-mortem from airways of 27 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients at three different time points (T1 2 h; T2 12 h; T3 24 h) by real-time PCR. Detection of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was performed by Maglumi 2019-nCoV IgM/IgG chemiluminescence assay. SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was still detectable in 70.3% of cases within 2 h after death and in 66,6% of cases up to 24 h after death. Our data showed an increase of the viral load in 78,6% of positive individuals 24 h post-mortem (T3) in comparison to that evaluated 2 h after death (T1). Noteworthy, we detected a positive T3 post-mortem swab (24 h after death) from 4 subjects who were negative at T1 (2 h after death). The results of our study may have an important value in the management of deceased subjects not only with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2, but also for unspecified causes and in the absence of clinical documentation or medical assistance.

scholarly journals Route of Nutrition Influences Generation of Antibody-Forming Cells and Initial Defense to an Active Viral Infection in the Upper Respiratory Tract

2003 ◽  
Vol 237 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl D. Johnson ◽  
Kenneth A. Kudsk ◽  
Kazuhiko Fukatsu ◽  
Kathryn B. Renegar ◽  
Ben L. Zarzaur
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Viral Infection of the Lower Respiratory Tract

1987 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-418
Author(s):  
Richard M. Rose ◽  
Paula Pinkston ◽  
Carl O’Donnell ◽  
William A. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract

scholarly journals Role of IgA versus IgG in the Control of Influenza Viral Infection in the Murine Respiratory Tract

2004 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 1978-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn B. Renegar ◽  
Parker A. Small ◽  
Lou G. Boykins ◽  
Peter F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Influenza Viral Infection

Cardiac Involvement After Respiratory Tract Viral Infection-Detection by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Jeserich ◽  
Manfred Olschewski ◽  
Thorsten Bley ◽  
Nico Merkle ◽  
Joachim Kirchberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Cardiac Involvement ◽  
Infection Detection

scholarly journals Spectrum of Influenza B Viral Infection in Indian Children: A Tertiary Centre Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandesh Kini ◽  
Ramesh Bhat Y ◽  
Koushik Handattu ◽  
Phalguna Kousika ◽  
Chennakeshava Thunga
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Influenza B Virus ◽  
Influenza B ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Introduction: Influenza viral infection in children can range from subclinical illness to multi system involvement. The morbidity associated with influenza B viral infection is often overlooked. India being the second most populous country, accounts for 20% of global childhood deaths from respiratory infections. There is paucity of data on the clinical features and complications of influenza B viral infections in children from the Indian subcontinent. Our objective was to study the clinical profile, seasonality, complications and outcome associated with Influenza B viral infection in children < 18 years of age. Material and Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study at a tertiary care hospital in South India. Children less than 18 years of age admitted to our paediatric unit were included in the study. We reviewed the case sheets of 56 patients who tested positive for influenza B virus during the study period and recorded their clinical and laboratory data. Throat swab obtained from cases were tested by RT-PCR. The illness was classified as upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia and severe pneumonia. Outcome measures analysed were- mortality, need for oxygen supplementation or assisted ventilation, duration of oxygen support, duration of ICU/ hospital stay and time for defervescence following initiation of oseltamivir therapy. Results: The mean age of the study population was 6.98 years. Majority of the affected children were > 5 years of age in the school going category with a male to female ratio of 3:2. The diagnosis based on clinical and radiological findings included upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) in 44 (78.5%) cases followed by pneumonia in 11(19.6%) and severe pneumonia in one (1.7%) child. The peak incidence was in the month of March. Malnutrition was the most common risk factor affecting 22 (39.3%) cases followed by history of asthma in eight (14.3%). Three children required oxygen supplementation at admission. The median duration of hospital stay was seven days. The median duration for defervescence following initiation of oseltamivir therapy was 24 hours. Mortality was recorded in one infant who died of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions: Influenza B virus should be screened in all children having underlying high risk medical condition, presenting with pneumonia or upper respiratory tract infection. Oseltamivir therapy should be initiated early in the management of influenza B viral infections to prevent complications.

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