Environmental Load Estimating Model of NATM Tunnel based on Standard Quantity of Major Works in the Early Design Phase

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1040-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-hyun Lee ◽  
Kyong Ju Kim ◽  
Eu Wang Kim ◽  
Heung Rae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Load ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Natm Tunnel ◽  
Early Design Phase

scholarly journals Adaptability of Primary and Middle Schools to Post-Pandemic Reuse - A Discussion in the Context of Flexibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Orkan Zeynel Guzelci ◽  
Sema Alacam ◽  
Serkan Kocabay ◽  
Elif Isik Akkuyu
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
School Plans ◽  
Early Design Phase

This study discusses how the existing primary and middle school buildings can be adapted to the new needs emerging in the Covid-19 process. The three levels of adaptation are defined as follows: Building envelope-outdoor space relationship, plan layout-function relationship, and furniture relocation. In the scope of this study, five selected school plans were evaluated in the context of flexibility in the plan layout-function relationship. In this study, the concept of “adaptation” is considered as a design approach at the early design phase and/or intervention to respond to a new need in the life cycle of the building.

Multi-objective optimisation for building integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) roof projects in early design phase

2022 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 118476
Author(s):  
W.M. Pabasara Upalakshi Wijeratne ◽  
Tharushi Imalka Samarasinghalage ◽  
Rebecca Jing Yang ◽  
Ron Wakefield
Keyword(s):  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Building Integrated Photovoltaics ◽  
Early Design Phase
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