scholarly journals Adaptability of Primary and Middle Schools to Post-Pandemic Reuse - A Discussion in the Context of Flexibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-22
Author(s):  
Orkan Zeynel Guzelci ◽  
Sema Alacam ◽  
Serkan Kocabay ◽  
Elif Isik Akkuyu
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Outdoor Space ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
School Plans ◽  
Early Design Phase

This study discusses how the existing primary and middle school buildings can be adapted to the new needs emerging in the Covid-19 process. The three levels of adaptation are defined as follows: Building envelope-outdoor space relationship, plan layout-function relationship, and furniture relocation. In the scope of this study, five selected school plans were evaluated in the context of flexibility in the plan layout-function relationship. In this study, the concept of “adaptation” is considered as a design approach at the early design phase and/or intervention to respond to a new need in the life cycle of the building.

scholarly journals Early Design Space Exploration with Model-Based System Engineering and Set-Based Design

Systems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Specking ◽  
Gregory Parnell ◽  
Edward Pohl ◽  
Randy Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Design Space ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Analysis Framework ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Integrated Framework ◽  
Set Based Design ◽  
Early Design Phase

Adequately exploring the tradespace in the early system design phase is important to determine the best design concepts to pursue in the next life cycle stage. Tradespace exploration (TSE) often uses trade-off analysis. Set-based design (SBD) methods, compared to traditional point-based design, explore significantly more designs. An integrated framework with model-based system engineering (MBSE) and a life cycle cost model enables design evaluation in near real-time. This study proposes an early design phase SBD methodology and demonstrates how SBD enabled by an integrated framework with MBSE and life cycle cost provides an enhanced TSE that can inform system design requirements and help decision makers select high performing designs at an affordable cost. Specifically, this paper (1) provides an overview of TSE and SBD, (2) describes the Integrated Trade-off Analysis Framework, (3) describes a methodology to implement SBD in the early design phase, and (4) demonstrates the techniques using an unmanned aerial vehicle case study. We found that the Integrated Trade-off Analysis Framework informs requirement development based upon how the requirements affect the feasible tradespace. Additionally, the integrated framework that uses SBD better explores the design space compared to traditional methods by finding a larger set of feasible designs early in the design process.

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