Long-term Salinity, Hydrology, and Forested Wetlands Along a Tidal Freshwater Gradient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seval Celik ◽  
Christopher J. Anderson ◽  
Latif Kalin ◽  
Mehdi Rezaeianzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Tidal Freshwater

Contemporary Deposition and Long-Term Accumulation of Sediment and Nutrients by Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands Impacted by Sea Level Rise

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory B. Noe ◽  
Cliff R. Hupp ◽  
Christopher E. Bernhardt ◽  
Ken W. Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Tidal Freshwater

scholarly journals Watershed and Estuarine Controls Both Influence Plant Community and Tree Growth Changes in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands along Two U.S. Mid-Atlantic Rivers

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1182
Author(s):  
Gregory B. Noe ◽  
Norman A. Bourg ◽  
Ken W. Krauss ◽  
Jamie A. Duberstein ◽  
Cliff R. Hupp
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Tidal Freshwater ◽  
Canopy Trees

The tidal freshwater zone near the estuarine head-of-tide is potentially sensitive to both sea-level rise and associated salinity increases as well as changing watershed inputs of freshwater and nutrients. We evaluated the vegetation response of tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) to changes in nontidal river versus estuarine controls along the longitudinal gradient of the Mattaponi and Pamunkey rivers in the Mid-Atlantic USA. The gradient included nontidal freshwater floodplain (NT) and upper tidal (UT), lower tidal (LT), and stressed tidal forest transitioning to marsh (ST) TFFW habitats on both rivers. Plot-based vegetation sampling and dendrochronology were employed to examine: (1) downriver shifts in plant community composition and the structure of canopy trees, understory trees/saplings/shrubs and herbs, tree basal-area increment (BAI) and (2) interannual variability in BAI from 2015 dating back as far as 1969 in relation to long-term river and estuary monitoring data. With greater tidal influence downstream, tree species dominance shifted, live basal area generally decreased, long-term mean BAI of individual trees decreased, woody stem mortality increased, and live herbaceous vegetative cover and richness increased. Acer rubrum, Fagus grandifolia, Ilex opaca, and Fraxinus pennsylvanica dominated NT and UT sites, with F. pennsylvanica and Nyssa sylvatica increasingly dominating at more downstream tidal sites. Annual tree BAI growth was positively affected by nontidal river flow at NT and UT sites which were closer to the head-of-tide, positively influenced by small salinity increases at LT and ST sites further downstream, and positively influenced by estuarine water level throughout the gradient; nutrient influence was site specific with both positive and negative influences. The counterintuitive finding of salinity increasing tree growth at sites with low BAI is likely due to either competitive growth release from neighboring tree death or enhanced soil nutrient availability that may temporarily mitigate the negative effects of low-level salinization and sea-level increases on living TFFW canopy trees, even as overall plant community conversion to tidal marsh progresses.

scholarly journals Modeling Soil Porewater Salinity Response to Drought in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqing Wang ◽  
Ken W. Krauss ◽  
Gregory B. Noe ◽  
Camille L. Stagg ◽  
Christopher M. Swarzenski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Tidal Freshwater ◽  
Salinity Response ◽  
Porewater Salinity

Silviculture in Forested Wetlands: Summary of Current Forest Operations, Potential Effects, and Long-Term Experiments

Wetlands ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. Aust ◽  
M. C. Bolding ◽  
S. M. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Long Term Experiments

Patterns of Denitrification Potential in Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia R. Korol ◽  
Gregory B. Noe
Keyword(s):  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Tidal Freshwater ◽  
Denitrification Potential

scholarly journals Growth stress response to sea level rise in species with contrasting functional traits: A case study in tidal freshwater forested wetlands

2018 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 378-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Zhai ◽  
Ken W. Krauss ◽  
Xin Liu ◽  
Jamie A. Duberstein ◽  
William H. Conner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Growth Stress ◽  
Tidal Freshwater

scholarly journals Remote Sensing Approach for Monitoring Coastal Wetland in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: Change Trends and Their Driving Forces

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3359
Author(s):  
An T. N. Dang ◽  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Michael Reid ◽  
Ho Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Shoreline Erosion ◽  
Wetland Protection ◽  
Mangrove Forests ◽  
Aquaculture Ponds ◽  
Coastal Lands

Coastal wetlands in the Mekong Delta (MD), Vietnam, provide various vital ecosystem services for the region. These wetlands have experienced critical changes due to the increase in regional anthropogenic activities, global climate change, and the associated sea level rise (SLR). However, documented information and research on the dynamics and drivers of these important wetland areas remain limited for the region. The present study aims to determine the long-term dynamics of wetlands in the south-west coast of the MD using remote sensing approaches, and analyse the potential factors driving these dynamics. Wetland maps from the years 1995, 2002, 2013, and 2020 at a 15 m spatial resolution were derived from Landsat images with the aid of a hybrid classification approach. The accuracy of the wetland maps was relatively high, with overall accuracies ranging from 86–93%. The findings showed that the critical changes over the period 1995/2020 included the expansion of marine water into coastal lands, showing 129% shoreline erosion; a remarkable increase of 345% in aquaculture ponds; and a reduction of forested wetlands and rice fields/other crops by 32% and 73%, respectively. Although mangrove forests slightly increased for the period 2013/2020, the overall trend was also a reduction of 5%. Our findings show that the substantial increase in aquaculture ponds is at the expense of mangroves, forested wetlands, and rice fields/other crops, while shoreline erosion significantly affected coastal lands, especially mangrove forests. The interaction of a set of environmental and socioeconomic factors were responsible for the dynamics. In particular, SLR was identified as one of the main underlying drivers; however, the rapid changes were directly driven by policies on land-use for economic development in the region. The trends of wetland changes and SLR implicate their significant effects on environment, natural resources, food security, and likelihood of communities in the region sustaining for the long-term. These findings can assist in developing and planning appropriate management strategies and policies for wetland protection and conservation, and for sustainable development in the region.

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