Effect of Metallic GPF on the Micro Characteristics of Soot Particles of GDI Engine

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1569-1578
Author(s):  
Cheng Liu ◽  
Zhihao Ma ◽  
Zhenlong Yin ◽  
Weixin Du ◽  
Enyu Lv
Keyword(s):  
Soot Particles ◽  
Gdi Engine

scholarly journals Morphology and size of the particles emitted from a gasoline-direct-injection-engine vehicle and their ageing in an environmental chamber

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2781-2794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaoping Xing ◽  
Longyi Shao ◽  
Wenbin Zhang ◽  
Jianfei Peng ◽  
Wenhua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Hot Start ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Gdi Engine ◽  
Organic Particles

Abstract. Air pollution is particularly severe in developing megacities, such as Beijing, where vehicles equipped with modern gasoline-direct-injection (GDI) engines are becoming one of major sources of the pollution. This study presents the characteristics of individual particles emitted by a GDI vehicle and their ageing in a smog chamber under the Beijing urban environment, as part of the Atmospheric Pollution & Human Health (APHH) research programme. Using transmission electron microscopy, we identified the particles emitted from a commercial GDI-engine vehicle running under various conditions, namely cold-start, hot-start, hot stabilized running, idle, and acceleration states. Our results showed that most of the particles were organic, soot, and Ca-rich ones, with small quantities of S-rich and metal-containing particles. In terms of particle size, the particles exhibited a bimodal distribution in number vs size, with one mode at 800–900 nm and the other at 140–240 nm. The numbers of organic particles emitted under hot-start and hot stabilized states were higher than those emitted under other conditions. The number of soot particles was higher under cold-start and acceleration states. Under the idle state, the proportion of Ca-rich particles was highest, although their absolute number was low. In addition to quantifying the types of particles emitted by the engine, we studied the ageing of the particles during 3.5 h of photochemical oxidation in an environmental chamber under the Beijing urban environment. Ageing transformed soot particles into core–shell structures, coated by secondary organic species, while the content of sulfur in Ca-rich and organic particles increased. Overall, the majority of particles from GDI-engine vehicles were organic and soot particles with submicron or nanometric size. The particles were highly reactive; they reacted in the atmosphere and changed their morphology and composition within hours via catalysed acidification that involved gaseous pollutants at high pollution levels in Beijing.Highlights. GDI-engine vehicles emitted a large amount of both primary and secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Higher numbers of organic particles were emitted under hot stabilized running and hot-start states. Sulfate and secondary organic aerosol formed on the surface of primary particles after ageing. Particles aged rapidly by catalysed acidification under high pollution levels in Beijing.

scholarly journals Morphology and size of the particles emitted from a GDI-engine vehicle and their ageing in an environmental chamber

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaoping Xing ◽  
Longyi Shao ◽  
Wenbin Zhang ◽  
Jianfei Peng ◽  
Wenhua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Photochemical Oxidation ◽  
Environmental Chamber ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Hot Start ◽  
Gdi Engine ◽  
Organic Particles

Abstract. Air pollution is particularly severe in developing megacities, such as Beijing, where pollutants from vehicles equipped with modern gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines must be paid enough attention. This study presents the characteristics of individual particles emitted by a GDI gasoline vehicle and their ageing in a smog chamber under the Beijing urban environment, as part of the Atmospheric Pollution & Human Health (APHH) research programme. Using electron microscopy, we identified the particles emitted from a commercial GDI-engine vehicle running under various conditions, namely cold start, hot start, hot stabilized running, idle, and acceleration states. Our results show that most of the particles were organic, soot and Ca-rich ones, with small quantities of S-rich and metal-containing particles. In terms of grain size, the particles exhibited a bimodal distribution in number vs size, with one mode at 800–900 nm, and the other at 140–240 nm. The amounts of organic particles emitted under hot start and hot stabilized states were higher than those emitted under other conditions. The amount of soot particles was higher under cold start and acceleration states. Under the idle state, the proportion of Ca-rich particles was highest, although their absolute number was low. In addition to quantifying the types of particles emitted by the engine, we studied the ageing of the particles during 3.5 hours of photochemical oxidation in an environmental chamber under the Beijing urban environment. Ageing transformed soot particles into core-shell structures, coated by secondary organic species, while the content of sulfur in Ca-rich and organic particles increased. Overall, the majority of particles from GDI-engine vehicles are organic and soot particles with submicron or nanometric size. The particles are highly reactive; they react in the atmosphere and change their morphology and composition within hours via catalyzed acidification that involves gaseous pollutants under high pollution levels in Beijing.

Radiative properties of soot particles

THERMOPEDIA ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid A. Dombrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Soot Particles

Quantitative detection and imaging of soot particles by laser induced incandescence

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. McManus ◽  
M. Allen ◽  
W. Rawlins ◽  
K. McManus ◽  
M. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Laser Induced Incandescence

Comparative study on combustion and thermodynamics performance of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine under cold start and warm-up NEDC

2019 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 663-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Jingping Liu ◽  
Jianqin Fu ◽  
Yangyang Li ◽  
Baojun Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cold Start ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Gdi Engine

Novel fine particle reduction method for wood stoves based on high-temperature electric collection of naturally charged soot particles

2021 ◽  
pp. 127831
Author(s):  
H. Suhonen ◽  
A. Laitinen ◽  
M. Kortelainen ◽  
H. Koponen ◽  
N. Kinnunen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fine Particle ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Soot Particles ◽  
Wood Stoves

OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF AIRBORNE DIESEL SOOT PARTICLES

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 421-422
Author(s):  
K.-H. NAUMANN ◽  
H. SAATHOFF ◽  
M. SCHNAITER ◽  
U. SCHURATH
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Diesel Soot ◽  
Soot Particles
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