Arsenic in groundwater, Quaternary sediments, and suspended river sediments from the Middle Gangetic Plain, India: distribution, field relations, and geomorphological setting

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3525-3536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Ali Shah
2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 727-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Ravenscroft ◽  
William G. Burgess ◽  
Kazi Matin Ahmed ◽  
Melanie Burren ◽  
Jerome Perrin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailesh kumar Yadav ◽  
Alagappan Ramanathan

<p>The current study was focused on the characterization of recharge, weathering processes and to check the aptness of groundwater for household and agriculture utility in the Central Gangetic Plain, Uttar Pradesh, India. Arsenic contamination in groundwater recognized as a vital catastrophic problem that affect millions of people across the world and have geogenic as well as anthropogenic sources. In central gangetic, plain, high geogenic arsenic in groundwater is extensively present in Holocene alluvial aquifers. The severity of this problem is further accelerated through in-situ physio-chemical factors in the fluvial environment. In our studied areas, newer alluvium has organic rich clay, which plays an important role in arsenic mobilization by reductive dissolution of Fe-oxyhydroxide. The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast the long-term similarities and differences in arsenic hot spot regions in central gangetic plain with those of other parts of the world and assess the unique socio-cultural factors that determine the human health risks of exposure to arsenic in local groundwater. It documents how the pathways of exposure to this poison have been greatly expanded through intensive application of groundwater in agriculture in the region within the Green Revolution framework.</p>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyan Prakash Satyam ◽  
Rajendra Kumar Dubey

<p>The clastic sediments and its aspect of provenance, weathering and erosion, tectonic setting, fluvial processes, paleoclimate and some other geological processes are better studied with the help of geochemical analysis. The changing geochemistry of sediment present in Himalayan river has been a great point of interest in sedimentary geochemistry because of its impact over Indian ocean chemistry and climate. In all Himalayan rivers, the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers are most important in global scenario due to their perennial nature, and peculiar flow and depositional characteristics. These two rivers had played important role in formation of Indo-Gangetic Plain during Quaternary period. Both the Ganga and Yamuna Rivers emerge from great Himalaya and carried the sediments from there to Bay of Bengal, India.</p><p>This causes sequential change in geochemistry of deposited sediments. The studied region is near by Mohand ridge and extend up to Balawali in Ganga River side and up to Kait in Yamuna River side. In this region rivers have high gradient channels and high flow speed condition. The channels are braided and have gravelly bed load. The converging channel system effects the geochemical constituent of river sediments.</p><p>The geochemical analysis of river bed sediments of both rivers by using XRF data analysis were carried out to find out the variation and effect of river bed morphology over geochemical constituents concentration. The prepared tectonic setting discriminant diagrams through plots log[K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O] versus SiO<sub>2</sub> and [SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>] versus log[K<sub>2</sub>O/Na<sub>2</sub>O] indicate transitional tectonic setting from an active continental margin to a passive margin. The discriminant function plot indicates quartzose sedimentary provenance, and to some extent, the felsic igneous provenance, derived from weathered granite, gneissic terrain and/or from pre-existing sedimentary terrain. Further, by plotting SiO<sub>2</sub> versus other major elements plot reveals the changing concentration of major elements with respect to changing river bed morphology with 50-60 km length of both the rivers. In braided zone of river, there is sudden increase in SiO<sub>2</sub> concentration of river sediments. The gravels present in channel bed provide more resistance and tight pore spaces for flow of water which causes increase in abrasion phenomena. These vital change in geochemistry (which is from 65% to 81% for SiO<sub>2</sub> concentration) of sediments indicates about the major role play of braided zone gravel deposit. The changing bed morphology of river channel has vital effect on geochemical composition of deposited sediments.</p>


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