Runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall on sand-covered slopes in a region subject to wind–water erosion

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 2523-2530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoce Xu ◽  
Shanshan Tang ◽  
Kexin Lu ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Zhanbin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Application of neural network and grey relational analysis in ranking the factors affecting runoff and sediment yield under simulated rainfall

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Wang ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Pute Wu ◽  
Xining Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Grey Relational Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Network Modelling ◽  
Antecedent Soil Moisture ◽  
Relational Analysis ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Soil erosion is a dynamic environmental process that influenced by multiple factors. However, most previous studies only examined the causative factors without ranking their relative importance or examining the individual factors. In this work, back-propagation (BP) neural network modelling and grey relational analysis were used to rank the effects of 7 factors—vegetation growth stage (VGS), vegetation type (VT), vegetation cover (VC), rainfall intensity (RI), rainfall duration (RD), antecedent soil moisture (ASM) and slope gradient (SG)—on total runoff (TR) and total sediment (TS) following simulated rainfall events at 5 intensities (30, 45, 60, 90, 120 mm h–1). The experimental plots including 4 treatments, bare soil (control), ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), purple medic (Medicago sativa L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under 4 different slopes (9%, 18%, 27.8%, 36.4%). BP models were constructed to predict TR and TS; their predictions tracked the experimental data very closely. A factor analysis based on the BP models ranked the influence of the 7 factors on TR and TS as RI > VC > ASM > RD > VGS > VT > SG and RI > VC > SG > ASM > RD > VGS > VT, respectively. Grey relational analysis provided similar results, ranking the effects of these factors on TR and TS in the order RI > VC > ASM > RD > SG > VGS > VT and RI > VC > SG > ASM > RD > VT > VGS, respectively. These results indicate that runoff and sediment yield depend most strongly on RI and VC, while the effects of the other factors are less pronounced.

Soil Erosion Process in Sloped Shrub Plots under Simulated Rainfall

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2094-2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Qing Xiao ◽  
Wen Yi Yao ◽  
Chang Gao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Erosion Process ◽  
Infiltration Process ◽  
Negative Relation ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Runoff, sediment yield and infiltration process of shrub plots were studied under rainfall intensities of 45, 87 and 127 mm/h with 20° slope gradient using simulated rainfall experiment. The results showed that cumulative runoff and cumulative sediment yield of shrub plot had an obvious positive correlation with rainfall time. Under rainfall intensity of 45 mm/h, runoff and sediment yield of shrub plot kept a constant level. Under rainfall intensity of 87 mm/h, runoff kept a fluctuant increase, whereas sediment yield basically kept steady. Under rainfall intensity of 127 mm/h, runoff and sediment yield of shrub plot increased evidently due to the formation of erosion pits. Infiltration rate of shrub plot had a negative relation with runoff as well as sediment yield.

Effect of Shrub Planting on Runoff and Sediment under Simulated Rainfall

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Pei Qing Xiao ◽  
Wen Yi Yao ◽  
Chang Gao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Slope Gradient ◽  
Flow Shear ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Hydraulic Mechanism ◽  
Flow Shear Stress ◽  
Sediment Reduction ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Effect of shrub on runoff and sediment yield and its hydraulic mechanism of shrub were studied under rainfall intensities of 45, 87 and 127mm/h with 20°slope gradient using simulated rainfall experiment. the results showed that average runoff rates ranged from 39.7 to 126.0 L/min for bare plots and 0.77 to 4.83 L/min for shrub plots, and the runoff rates from shrub plots were much less than from bare plots. Average sediment yields varied from 3636.7 to 9436.3 g/min for bare plots and from 28.0 to 421.6 g/min for shrub plots. The critical flow shear stress of 1.65 N/m2 on shrub slope and 0.861 N/m2 on bare slope were got under experiment condition. The sediment yield increased with the increase of flow shear stress. The experiment results are meaningful for quantifying runoff and sediment reduction and deepening soil erosion mechanical process also.

Effects of mosaic-pattern shrub patches on runoff and sediment yield in a wind-water erosion crisscross region

CATENA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Lu ◽  
Yi-Fan Liu ◽  
Chao Jia ◽  
Ze Huang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Mosaic Pattern ◽  
Shrub Patches ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Evaluation of EPIC's snowmelt and water erosion submodels using data from the Peace River region of Alberta

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Puurveen ◽  
R. C. Izaurralde ◽  
D. S. Chanasyk ◽  
J. R. Williams ◽  
R. F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Sediment Yields ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
River Region ◽  
Daily Weather Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield

Water erosion due to snowmelt is a major form of erosion in boreal regions of the Canadian Prairie. Evaluation of erosion models is an essential step before recommending their use in local or regional assessments of erosion rates and control methods. Using inputs from a runoff study conducted at La Glace, Alberta (55°25'N, 119°10'W) from 1984 to 1986, we evaluated the Erosion-Productivity Impact Calculator (EPIC) for its ability to simulate runoff and sediment yield from snowmelt events. The model was initialized with soil profile data acquired at the study site and complemented with data from standard soil databases (Albright series; loam, Dark Gray Chernozem). Daily weather data were acquired from the nearest climatological station (annual precipitation = 475 mm). Management data were as reported and included combinations of conventional and reduced tillage, annual and perennial, and fallow cropping. Mean runoff volume measured in 1985 was 57 mm while in 1986 it was 76 mm. EPIC over-predicted runoff volume by 25% in 1985 but under-predicted it by 7% in 1986. The period in which snowmelt occurred (mid-March – beginning of April) was predicted correctly. Under the conditions of this study, with many cropping inputs obtained from different sources, the model was unable to reproduce the reported management effects on runoff and sediment yield. EPIC simulated springmelt soil temperature trends at 9-cm depth, although the predicted temperatures in 1985 were generally underestimated. Our results suggest that the EPIC model calculates adequate values of runoff volumes and sediment yields during snowmelt. Key words: Runoff, sediment yield, soil erosion, crop rotations

Influences of grass and moss on runoff and sediment yield on sloped loess surfaces under simulated rainfall

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 3815-3824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengzhong Pan ◽  
Zhouping Shangguan ◽  
Tingwu Lei
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Runoff And Sediment Yield
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