Health risk assessment of heavy metals exposure (lead, cadmium, and copper) through drinking water consumption in Kerman city, Iran

The quality of household drinking water in a community of 30 houses in a district in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE) was assessed over a period of one year (January to November 2015). Standard analytical techniques were used to screen for water quality parameters and contaminants of concern. Water quality was evaluated in the 30 households at four sampling points: kitchen faucet, bathroom faucet, household water tank, and main water pipe. The sampling points were chosen to help identify the source when an elevated level of a particular contaminant is observed. Water quality data was interpreted by utilizing two main techniques: spatial variation analysis and multivariate statistical techniques. Initial analysis showed that many households had As, Cd, and Pb concentrations that were higher than the maximum allowable level set by UAE drinking water standards. In addition, the water main samples had the highest concentration of the heavy metals compared to other sampling points. Health risk assessment results indicated that approximately 30%, 55%, and 15% of the houses studied had a high, moderate, and low risk from the prolonged exposure to heavy metals, respectively. The analysis can help with planning a spatially focused sampling plan to confirm the study findings and set an appropriate course of action.

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Characteristics and health risk assessment of heavy metals exposure via household dust from urban area in Chengdu, China

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.144 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 619-620 ◽

pp. 621-629 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Zhang Cheng ◽

Liu-Jun Chen ◽

Han-Han Li ◽

Jian-Qing Lin ◽

Zhan-Biao Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Health Risk ◽

Urban Area ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Household Dust ◽

Metals Exposure

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Cancer risk assessment and modeling of groundwater contamination near industrial estate, Lahore, Pakistan

Journal of Water Sanitation and Hygiene for Development ◽

10.2166/washdev.2021.217 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 314-326

Author(s):

Muhammad Irfan Jalees ◽

Muhammad Umar Farooq ◽

Asma Tufail Shah

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Cancer Risk Assessment ◽

Industrial Estate

Abstract More than 60% of the population of Pakistan has no access to safe drinking water. Industrial zones near populated areas make conditions more severe due to continuous contamination. The aim of this study was to use statistical tools for correlation and source identification and health risk assessment of contamination due to Sundar Industrial Estate (SIE), Lahore, Pakistan. Drinking and wastewater samples were collected from SIE and analyzed for physical, chemical, microbial, and heavy metals analysis. Results showed that heavy metals and microbial contamination were beyond the National Drinking Water Quality Standards of Pakistan while high values of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) wastewater were responsible for contamination of drinking water through seepage. There was a medium to strong correlation among parameters of all samples as indicated by Pearson correlation and analysis of variance. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis indicated sources of contamination, i.e., refuse leachate and untreated effluent discharges as main source of pollutants for drinking water. Health risk assessment showed a high intake of heavy metals through drinking water. Hazard quotient and hazard index indicated high probability of non-carcinogenic risk while cancer risk assessment suggested that out of every 100 of the population 93 people may suffer carcinogenic effects.

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