This paper studied the residual strata distribution of Carboniferous-Permian in Jiyang Depression, the organic geochemical characteristics of shale and the correlation of hydrocarbon-generating potential of shale by applying geochemistry, petroleum geology and coal geology, for study hydrocarbon generation potential of Permo-Carboniferous coal shale in Jiyang Depression. The results show that the thickness of Carboniferous-Permian residual strata in Jiyang Depression is generally 200-800 m, the thickest can reach 900 m; coal shale has good organic matter abundance and is type III kerogen, which is conducive to gas generation, and organic matter maturity reaches maturity-higher maturity stage; Benxi Formation and Taiyuan Formation have better hydrocarbon generation potential; medium to good hydrocarbon source rocks can be found in every sag of Shanxi Formation hydrocarbon source rocks, but the scope is limited, and the overall evaluation is still medium. Compared with other areas in China, it is found that the hydrocarbon-generating capacity of coal-bearing shale of Carboniferous-Permian in Jiyang Depression is generally at a medium level, which has a certain shale gas exploration potential.