scholarly journals A simple approach to dynamic material balance for a dry-gas reservoir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittiphong Jongkittinarukorn ◽  
Nick Last ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmed Jokhio ◽  
Freddy Humberto Escobar ◽  
Jirawat Chewaroungroaj
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Production Forecasting ◽  
Pvt Data ◽  
Material Balance Method ◽  
High Degree

AbstractThe dynamic material balance methodology can be used to estimate gas initially-in-place using only production and PVT data. With this methodology, reservoir pressure is obtained without requiring the well to be shut in; it is therefore superior to the static material balance method since there is no loss of production. However, the technique requires iterative calculations and numerical integration of gas pseudotime and is quite complex to implement in practice. A simpler and equally accurate methodology is proposed in this study. It requires only production and PVT data and also does not rely on a shut-in pressure survey. In addition, it requires neither iterative calculations nor numerical integration of gas pseudotime. The results of the analysis include gas initially-in-place and gas productivity index, and can easily be extended to production forecasting. Gas initially-in-place is evaluated with a high degree of reliability. The methodology is successfully tested with two simulated cases and one field case, giving high-accuracy results.

Calculation Methods of the Dynamic Reserves for Gas Wells in a Low-Permeability Gas Reservoir

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 3243-3248
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Lai Bing Zhang ◽  
Jun Jie Zhang ◽  
Feng Lan ◽  
Pan Deng
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Low Permeability ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Material Balance Method ◽  
Unit Pressure

Accurately calculating dynamic reserves for single well in a low-permeability gas reservoir has an important guiding significance to high efficiency development of the gas reservoir. During the development of the gas reservoir, dynamic analysis methods were often used to calculate dynamic reserves. Dynamic analysis methods mainly include the material balance method, the gas production method in unit pressure drop, the flexible two-phase method and the production unstable method. Dynamic reserves for four types of gas wells in a low-permeability gas field were calculated using these four methods. Calculation results show that dynamic reserves from big to small are respectively obtained using material balance method, gas production method in unit pressure drop, flexible two-phase method and production unstable method. Calculating dynamic reserves obtained by flexible two-phase method and production unstable method are utilized to production dynamic data of gas well, and those obtained by material balance method and gas production method in unit pressure drop are utilized to the reservoir parameters of different state. Therefore, the values of dynamic reserves obtained using flexible two-phase method and production unstable method in the low-permeability gas reservoir may be more accurate than those obtained using the other methods.

scholarly journals Dynamic Material Balance Method for Estimating Gas in Place of Abnormally High-Pressure Gas Reservoirs

Lithosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (Special 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixia Zhang ◽  
Yingxu He ◽  
Chunqiu Guo ◽  
Yang Yu
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Reservoir Pressure ◽  
Material Balance Equation ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Material Balance Method ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Determination of gas in place (GIP) is among the hotspot issues in the field of oil/gas reservoir engineering. The conventional material balance method and other relevant approaches have found widespread application in estimating GIP of a gas reservoir or well-controlled gas reserves, but they are normally not cost-effective. To calculate GIP of abnormally pressured gas reservoirs economically and accurately, this paper deduces an iteration method for GIP estimation from production data, taking into consideration the pore shrinkage of reservoir rock and the volume expansion of irreducible water, and presents a strategy for selecting an initial iteration value of GIP. The approach, termed DMBM-APGR (dynamic material balance method for abnormally pressured gas reservoirs) here, is based on two equations: dynamic material balance equation and static material balance equation for overpressured gas reservoirs. The former delineates the relationship between the quasipressure at bottomhole pressure and the one at average reservoir pressure, and the latter reflects the relationship between average reservoir pressure and cumulative gas production, both of which are rigidly demonstrated in the paper using the basic theory of gas flow through porous media and material balance principle. The method proves effective with several numerical cases under various production schedules and a field case under a variable rate/variable pressure schedule, and the calculation error of GIP does not go beyond 5% provided that the production data are credible. DMBM-APGR goes for gas reservoirs with abnormally high pressure as well as those with normal pressure in virtue of its strict theoretical foundation, which not only considers the compressibilities of rock and bound water, but also reckons with the changes in production rate and variations of gas properties as functions of pressure. The method may serve as a valuable and reliable tool in determining gas reserves.

Formation Pressure Calculation Based on Modified Flowing Material Balance Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 997 ◽  
pp. 868-872
Author(s):  
Quan Hua Huang ◽  
Huai Zhong Wen ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Tian Song
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Water ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Formation Pressure ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Pressure Calculation ◽  
Flowing Material ◽  
Material Balance Method

Formation pressure is an important symbol of driving energy and the key problem of gas reservoir development. Therefore, the formation pressure’s evaluation is a very important work. Due to the invasion of edge-bottom water, using conventional "flow" material balance method to calculate the formation pressure is no longer applicable. According to the theory of reservoir pressure calculation based on flowing material balance method, we established a improved method to calculate the pressure of water drive gas reservoir and verified it by an example. The results show that: edge and bottom water intrusion has obvious effect on the calculation of formation pressure; after considering the influence of water drive, the formation pressure’s calculation results increased, as a consequence the formation pressure’s decreasing range reduced. This research’s result has important reference value for improving the precision of water drive gas reservoir’s formation pressure.

scholarly journals Integrated Reservoir Study to Optimize Gas Production of Water Drive Gas Reservoir Case Study: Lower Menggala Gas Field

INSIST ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Panca Suci Widiantoro ◽  
Astra Agus Pramana ◽  
Putu Suarsana ◽  
Anis N Utami
Keyword(s):  
Material Balance ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Production Analysis ◽  
Conventional Material ◽  
Material Balance Method

Production optimization in mature field water drive gas reservoir is not easy especially when water already breakthrough in producing wells. An integrated reservoir study is needed to get reliable strategy to optimize production of water drive gas reservoir.   This research presents the integrated reservoir study of Lower Menggala (LM) Gas Field which is located Central Sumatera Basin, Riau Province. LM had been produced since 1997, current RF are 55%, which is quite high for water drive gas reservoir. The current gas rate production is about 1.97 MMscfd with high water production around 4250 BWPD, consequently some of wells suffered liquid loading problem   This research comprises of well performance analysis, estimate OGIP, aquifer strength of the reservoir by using conventional material balance method and modern production analysis method then conduct dynamic reservoir simulation to identify the best strategy to optimize gas production. Economic analysis also be performed to guide in making decision which scenario will be selected. DST analysis on DC-01 well defined reservoir parameter, boundary and deliverability which are P*= 2520 psia, k= 229 mD, Total skin= 8, detected sealing fault with distance 175 m, and AOF 45 MMscfd. Conventional material balance method gave OGIP 22.7 BScf, aquifer strength 34 B/D/Psi, whereas modern production analysis estimated OGIP 22.35 BScf, aquifer strength 34 B/D/psi. Those two method shows  good consistency with OGIP  volumetric calculation with discrepancy OGIP value +/- 1%. Six (6) scenario of production optimization has been analyzed, the result shows that work over in two wells and drilling of  1 infill well (case 6) achieve gas recovery factor up to 75.2%, minimal water production and attractive economic result

The Method of Dynamic Reserves Prediction for a Constant Volume Gas Reservoir

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 456-461
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Lai Bing Zhang ◽  
Bin Quan Jiang ◽  
Huan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Material Balance Method ◽  
Unit Pressure

The accurate prediction of the dynamic reserves of gas reservoirs is the important research content of the development of dynamic analysis of gas reservoirs. It is of great significance to the stable and safe production and the formulation of scientific and rational development programs of gas reservoirs. The production methods of dynamic reserves of gas reservoirs mainly include material balance method, unit pressure drop of gas production method and elastic two-phase method. To clarify the characteristics of these methods better, in this paper, we took two typeⅠwells of a constant volume gas reservoir as an example, the dynamic reserves of single well controlled were respectively calculated, and the results show that the order of the calculated volume of the dynamic reserves by using different methods is material balance method> unit pressure drop of gas production method >elastic two-phase method. Because the material balance method is a static method, unit pressure drop of gas production method and elastic two-phase method are dynamic methods, therefore, for typeⅠwells of constant volume gas reservoirs, when the gas wells reached the quasi-steady state, the elastic two-phase method is used to calculate the dynamic reserves, and when the gas wells didn’t reach the quasi-steady state, unit pressure drop of gas production method is used to calculate the dynamic reserves. The conclusion has some certain theoretical value for the prediction of dynamic reserves for constant volume gas reservoirs.

scholarly journals Reducing Hydrocarbon in Place Uncertainty in Akasia Bagus Structure as Potential Field and Redevelopment Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Handoyo ◽  
Suryo Prakoso
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Balance Method ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
Conventional Material ◽  
Original Oil In Place ◽  
Material Balance Method

<em>The success of the discovery of new structure Akasia Bagus with potential L layer in 2009 at PT Pertamina EP's Jatibarang Field was followed up by the drilling infill wells with Plan of Development (POD) mechanism which is currently in the process of drilling the last well. The basis of the L layer hydrocarbon calculation in place on the POD is a static analysis. The wells currently produced are still able to flow with natural flow and enough production data since 2009 this structure was found. This study will present an analysis of production in the L layer of Akasia Bagus structure for Original Oil In Place (OOIP) updates using the conventional material balance method and then carry out the best development strategy to optimize oil production. Economic analysis is also carried out for reference in making decision on which scenario to choose. The conventional material balance method gets an OOIP value of 17.36 MMSTB, with the drive energy ratio being 5:3:2 for water influx : fluid expansion : gas cap expansion. Three (3) production optimization scenarios were analyzed, the results showed that the addition of 2 infill wells reached Recovery Factot (RF) of oil up to 23% of OOIP, minimal water production and attractive economic results.</em>

High Shut-in Pressure: Good News or Bad News? Maximising Value through Limited Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handita Reksi Dwitantra Sutoyo ◽  
Diniko Nurhajj ◽  
Anak Agung Iswara Anindyajati ◽  
Dwi Hudya Febrianto ◽  
Nova Kristianawatie
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Good News ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Pressure Data ◽  
Gas Reservoir ◽  
Reservoir Water

Abstract Early production of gas reservoirs is usually associated with a volumetric gas driving mechanism with no water production. Aquifer activity is minimal as well during the early life of the reservoir. In this paper, we will discuss about the good engineering practices based on several shut-in pressure data to observe and maximize marginal gas field value. We will also discuss about the possibility of water drive behavior in this field. Shut-in pressure data plays an important role in determining the in-place and reservoir dynamics of the gas reservoir. High shut-in pressure usually indicates high gas reserves. On the other hand, it shows a very strong water drive existence. The study takes place on a sandstone gas reservoir with an abnormal pressure regime on it. Production performance was then analyzed using the rate transient analysis (RTA) to determine its properties and gas in place and crosschecked with shut-in pressure data. From these steps, we can determine the trend of both static and flowing material balance (FMB) analysis to predict the reservoir dynamics. During the early life of production, it is clear that volumetric reservoir plays an important role in the reservoir dynamics since it produces no reservoir water. However, after 1 year of production, it starts to produce reservoir water. Monitoring starts when the first shut-in pressure shows a quite unexpected value. It puts a sense of both high gas reserves and aquifer activity. After applying all the pressure and production data on FMB and p/Z plot, it shows that both high gas reserves and aquifer activity exist in this field. The results of this study change the development strategy of this field, preventing doing major investment on high capital expenditure (CAPEX) with low results due to high aquifer activity. We can conclude that good reservoir monitoring and analysis combining several analytical methods can enhance our insight into reservoir dynamics. Combining FMB and p/Z, geologist starts to compare aquifer volume based on geological data and found to be similar with the results coming from analytical data. 3D reservoir simulation also confirms similar results based on those analyses.

Validation and Analysis of Past PVT Studies from a Complex and Mature Offshore Asset in Trinidad

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E.. E. Bagoo ◽  
M.L.. L. Ramnarine ◽  
C. J. Rodriguez ◽  
M.. Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Flow Assurance ◽  
Production Flow ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Pvt Data ◽  
Facilities Design ◽  
Production History ◽  
Paper Form ◽  
Fluid Behaviour

Abstract In 2005, NGC, Petrotrin and Repsol E&P T&T Ltd. as joint venture partners, acquired the TSP asset with Repsol as the operator. The three fields, Teak, Samaan and Poui, have been in production for over 40 years and are highly complex, extremely compartmentalized and consist of over 10 different sands and reservoirs. Over 100 PVT files for the three fields are available; most of which were done in the 1970's by different labs using different protocols and procedures. All files were handed over in paper form which needed digitization as well as validation. Valid PVT data provides vital information for the characterization of reservoir fluids. The establishment of fluids' physical and PVT properties help determine in situ and stock tank volumes, strategies for production, flow assurance issues for facilities design and provides guidelines for effective and efficient reservoir management throughout the life of the asset. Numerous techniques exist for assessing and evaluating the quality of PVT data. This paper will describe the best practices used to validate TSP PVT data, such as the material balance tests and the Y-function linearity tests as well as the applications of the validated data through examples and case studies. Some of which include the development of trends which can be extrapolated for use in new prospects, infill and developmental drilling. Additional benefits include the recognition of flow assurance issues such as wax and sulphur compounds and the sampling and design of relevant PVT experiments for new wells. Production history combined with valid PVT data provides a powerful tool to help in the prediction of expected fluid types and fluid behaviour as pressure changes in planned new wells. It also provides additional technical support for which improvements to the fluid sampling program can be made to acquire the most representative fluid samples from the reservoir.

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