scholarly journals Designing an Event Store for a Modern Three-layer Storage Hierarchy

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Nikolaus Glombiewski ◽  
Philipp Götze ◽  
Michael Körber ◽  
Andreas Morgen ◽  
Bernhard Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Memory Systems ◽  
Main Memory ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Three Layer Architecture ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Difficult Challenge ◽  
Storage Hierarchy

Abstract Event stores face the difficult challenge of continuously ingesting massive temporal data streams while satisfying demanding query and recovery requirements. Many of today’s systems deal with multiple hardware-based trade-offs. For instance, long-term storage solutions balance keeping data in cheap secondary media (SSDs, HDDs) and performance-oriented main-memory caches. As an alternative, in-memory systems focus on performance, while sacrificing monetary costs, and, to some degree, recovery guarantees. The advent of persistent memory (PMem) led to a multitude of novel research proposals aiming to alleviate those trade-offs in various fields. So far, however, there is no proposal for a PMem-powered specialized event store. Based on ChronicleDB, we will present several complementary approaches for a three-layer architecture featuring main memory, PMem, and secondary storage. We enhance some of ChronicleDB’s components with PMem for better insertion and query performance as well as better recovery guarantees. At the same time, the three-layer architecture aims to keep the overall dollar cost of a system low. The limitations and opportunities of a PMem-enhanced event store serve as important groundwork for comprehensive system design exploiting a modern storage hierarchy.

Investigation of long term storage solutions for rubber garments

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marei Hacke ◽  
Jo Willey ◽  
Gemma Mitchell ◽  
Iain D. Rushworth ◽  
Catherine Higgitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
Term Storage

scholarly journals The effect of ethanol concentration on the morphological and molecular preservation of insects for biodiversity studies

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10799
Author(s):  
Daniel Marquina ◽  
Mateusz Buczek ◽  
Fredrik Ronquist ◽  
Piotr Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Negative Effect

Traditionally, insects collected for scientific purposes have been dried and pinned, or preserved in 70% ethanol. Both methods preserve taxonomically informative exoskeletal structures well but are suboptimal for preserving DNA for molecular biology. Highly concentrated ethanol (95–100%), preferred as a DNA preservative, has generally been assumed to make specimens brittle and prone to breaking. However, systematic studies on the correlation between ethanol concentration and specimen preservation are lacking. Here, we tested how preservative ethanol concentration in combination with different sample handling regimes affect the integrity of seven insect species representing four orders, and differing substantially in the level of sclerotization. After preservation and treatments (various levels of disturbance), we counted the number of appendages (legs, wings, antennae, or heads) that each specimen had lost. Additionally, we assessed the preservation of DNA after long-term storage by comparing the ratio of PCR amplicon copy numbers to an added artificial standard. We found that high ethanol concentrations indeed induce brittleness in insects. However, the magnitude and nature of the effect varied strikingly among species. In general, ethanol concentrations at or above 90% made the insects more brittle, but for species with robust, thicker exoskeletons, this did not translate to an increased loss of appendages. Neither freezing the samples nor drying the insects after immersion in ethanol had a negative effect on the retention of appendages. However, the morphology of the insects was severely damaged if they were allowed to dry. We also found that DNA preserves less well at lower ethanol concentrations when stored at room temperature for an extended period. However, the magnitude of the effect varies among species; the concentrations at which the number of COI amplicon copies relative to the standard was significantly decreased compared to 95% ethanol ranged from 90% to as low as 50%. While higher ethanol concentrations positively affect long-term DNA preservation, there is a clear trade-off between preserving insects for morphological examination and genetic analysis. The optimal ethanol concentration for the latter is detrimental for the former, and vice versa. These trade-offs need to be considered in large insect biodiversity surveys and other projects aiming to combine molecular work with traditional morphology-based characterization of collected specimens.

scholarly journals The effect of ethanol concentration on the morphological and molecular preservation of insects for biodiversity studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Marquina ◽  
Mateusz Buczek ◽  
Fredrik Ronquist ◽  
Piotr Łukasik
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Copy Numbers ◽  
Insect Biodiversity ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract1. Traditionally, insects collected for scientific purposes have been dried and pinned, or preserved in 70 % ethanol. Both methods preserve taxonomically informative exoskeletal structures well but are suboptimal for preserving DNA. Highly concentrated ethanol (95 – 100 %), preferred as a DNA preservative, has generally been assumed to make specimens brittle and prone to breaking. However, systematic studies on the correlation between ethanol concentration and specimen preservation are lacking.2. We tested how preservative ethanol concentration in combination with different sample handling regimes affect the integrity of seven insect species representing four orders, and differing substantially in the level of sclerotization. After preservation and treatments (various levels of disturbance), we counted the number of appendages (legs, wings, antennae, heads) that specimens had lost. Additionally, we assessed the preservation of DNA after long-term storage by comparing the ratio of PCR amplicon copy numbers to an added artificial standard.3. We found that high ethanol concentrations indeed induce brittleness in insects. However, the magnitude and nature of the effect varied strikingly among species. In general, ethanol concentrations at or above 90 % made the insects more brittle, but for species with robust, thicker exoskeletons, this did not translate to an increased loss of appendages. Neither freezing nor drying the insects after immersion in ethanol had a negative effect on the retention of appendages. We also found that DNA preserves less well at lower ethanol concentrations when stored at room temperature for an extended period. However, the magnitude of the effect varies among species; the concentrations at which the number of COI amplicon copies relative to the standard was significantly decreased compared to 95 % ethanol ranged from 90 % to as low as 50 %.4. While higher ethanol concentrations positively affect long-term DNA preservation, there is a clear trade-off between preserving insects for morphological examination and genetic analysis. The optimal ethanol concentration for the latter is detrimental for the former, and vice versa. These trade-offs need to be considered in large insect biodiversity surveys and other projects aiming to combine molecular work with traditional morphology-based characterization of collected specimens.

The Behaviours of Cementitious Materials in Long Term Storage and Disposal: An Overview of Results of the IAEA Coordinated Research Project

2009 ◽  
Vol 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Drace ◽  
Michael I. Ojovan
Keyword(s):  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Cementitious Systems

AbstractCementitious materials are widely used in waste management systems with different aims and requirements for long term performance. Both conventional and novel cementitious materials are used to create reliable immobilising elements for safe storage and disposal of wastes. The barrier elements as well as interactions envisaged between various components are important to ultimately ensure the overall safety of a storage/disposal system. The behaviour and performance of cementitious materials including waste package components, wasteform and backfilling were analysed within the IAEA Coordinated Research Project which involved 26 research organizations from 21 Member States MS). The paper presents briefly the main research outcomes for conventional cementitious systems; novel materials and technologies; testing and waste acceptance criteria; and modelling long term behaviour.

Long-term persistence of song performance rules in nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos): a longitudinal field study on repertoire size and composition

Behaviour ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrike Hultsch ◽  
Silke Kipper ◽  
Roger Mundry ◽  
Dietmar Todt
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Longitudinal Field ◽  
Repertoire Size ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Luscinia Megarhynchos ◽  
Song Acquisition ◽  
And Performance

AbstractCommon nightingales (Luscinia megarhynchos) are among those bird species that possess an extremely large repertoire and perform it in a versatile singing style. Thereby, repertoire size, composition, and performance differs considerably among individuals. In this longitudinal field study, we investigated the long-term stability of these differences in the song characteristics of free-ranging nightingales. We determined the repertoire characteristics for nine adult male individuals in two successive years (three of these individuals were investigated over the course of three years) and compared these to similar measurements obtained from comparisons of song samples of different birds. Comparisons revealed remarkable differences among males, but we did not find systematic differences in the song performance of birds in successive years. Instead, song characteristics were remarkably stable within successive years. The long-term persistence of individual song characteristics suggests that they are not related to dynamically changing individual attributes, but may reflect long-term storage of information during song acquisition as juveniles. In addition, we found that the repertoire performance of adult nightingales allows fine-tuned vocal interactions among several neighbouring males.

scholarly journals BSC/ABC EFFICIENCY AND PERFORMANCE STRATEGY

ZBORNIK MES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rada Kučinar ◽  
Predrag Pravdić
Keyword(s):  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Key Success Factors ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Performance Drivers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Balance Set

Currently a rapid boom has been experienced in telecom sectors. In such a milieu, the pursuit of enhancing service quality has become imperative among the service providers. The balanced scorecard should be viewed as a dynamic system that evolves as the company’s strategy evolves. The four perspectives of the scorecard permit a balance between shortterm and long-term objectives, between outcomes desired and performance drivers of those outcomes, and between hard objectives measures and soften more objective measures. This balance set of measures that reveal the trade-offs that managers have already madе among performance measures and encourage them to achieve their goals in the future without making trade-offs among key success factors.

Remediating While Preserving Wetland Habitat at an LLR Waste Site in Canada

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Kleb ◽  
R. L. Zelmer
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Coastal Marsh ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Ecological Land Classification ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Local Community Member

The Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Office was established in 1982 to carry out the federal government’s responsibilities for low-level radioactive (LLR) waste management in Canada. The Office operates programs to characterize, delineate, decontaminate and consolidate historic LLR waste for interim and long-term storage. In this capacity, the Office is currently considering the remediation of 9,000 cubic metres of contaminated sediment in a coastal marsh in the context of a major remediation project involving multiple urban sites. The marsh is situated between the Lake Ontario shoreline and the urban fringe of the Town of Port Hope. The marsh is designated a Cattail Mineral Shallow Marsh under the Ecological Land Classification system for Southern Ontario and was recently named the A.K. Sculthorpe Marsh in memory of a local community member. The marsh remediation will therefore require trade offs between the disruption of a sensitive wetland and the removal of contaminated sediment. This paper discusses the issues and trade-offs relating to the waste characterization, environmental assessment and regulatory findings and thus the remediation objectives for the marsh. Considerations include the spatial distribution of contaminated sediment, the bioavailability of contaminants, the current condition of the wetland and the predicted effects of remediation. Also considered is the significance of the wetland from provincial and municipal regulatory perspectives and the resulting directives for marsh remediation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF ABERRATIONS OF OPTICS ON DENSITY OF RECORDING OF HOLOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Shoydin
Keyword(s):  
Radio Channel ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Holographic Recording ◽  
Optical Aberrations ◽  
Side Band ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Coding Method ◽  
Binary Information

The problems of holographic recording of information are analyzed. Traditionally developed memory systems were aimed at storing “cold data” - digitized arrays of long-term storage with rare accesses to them. When recording analog holograms for these purposes, an essential role is played by optical aberrations. The influence of aberrations is analyzed both in binary information recording and image recording schemes. The obtained estimates of the recording density of information even with a decreasing coefficient determined by aberrations indicate the impossibility of transmitting such holograms over the radio channel. To solve the problem of transmitting holographic information over a radio channel in augmented reality and holographic television devices, it is proposed to use a coding method close to the method of transmitting information on one side band, which is known in the radio range, expressed in the transfer of two arrays equivalent in volume to a conventional TV channel and the synthesis of holograms on the receiving end of a channel.

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