Bending deformation characteristics of actuator with anion exchange polymer membrane and polyaniline electrode

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 704-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin Woo Lee ◽  
Su Nam You ◽  
Suck-Hyun Lee ◽  
Jae Young Jho
Keyword(s):  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Polymer Membrane ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Bending Deformation

The effect of electrode parameters on the performance of anion exchange polymer membrane fuel cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 7191-7198 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mamlouk ◽  
K. Scott ◽  
J.A. Horsfall ◽  
C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Polymer Membrane

Radiation grafted membranes for superior anion exchange polymer membrane fuel cells performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (16) ◽  
pp. 11912-11920 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mamlouk ◽  
J.A. Horsfall ◽  
C. Williams ◽  
K. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Polymer Membrane

Electrochemical and fuel cell evaluation of Co based catalyst for oxygen reduction in anion exchange polymer membrane fuel cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 196 (18) ◽  
pp. 7594-7600 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mamlouk ◽  
S.M. Senthil Kumar ◽  
Pascal Gouerec ◽  
Keith Scott
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Oxygen Reduction ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Polymer Membrane

Alkaline anion-exchange polymer membrane with grid–plug microstructure for hydrogen fuel cell application

2011 ◽  
Vol 196 (13) ◽  
pp. 5494-5498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhui Zhang ◽  
Siok Wei Tay ◽  
Zhaolin Liu ◽  
Liang Hong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Polymer Membrane ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Fuel ◽  
Fuel Cell Application

scholarly journals Deformability and intrinsic material properties of neonatal red blood cells

Blood ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1244-1250 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Linderkamp ◽  
GB Nash ◽  
PY Wu ◽  
HJ Meiselman
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Deformation Characteristics ◽  
Surface Viscosity ◽  
Extensional Deformation ◽  
Bending Deformation ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Adult Cells

Whole cell and membrane deformability are essential for red blood cell (RBC) survival and for effective blood flow. Neonatal RBCs display several specific properties (eg, large size, high hemoglobin F) that could influence their deformation characteristics and contribute to their shortened life span. The present study was designed to compare selected rheologic properties (cellular deformability, pressure required to aspirate RBC into micropipettes, static and dynamic viscoelastic material properties) of neonatal and adult RBCs. RBC deformability, as studied by a rheoscope, was similar for neonates and adults over a shear stress range of 2.5 to 500 dyn/cm2. The pressure required to aspirate RBCs completely into 3.3-micron diameter pipettes was 129 +/- 87 dyn/cm2 for neonatal RBCs and 71 +/- 37 dyn/cm2 for adult RBCs. The aspiration pressure for neonatal and adult RBCs increased with increasing RBC volume, suggesting that the increased mean aspiration pressure for neonatal RBCs resulted from their larger volume. When RBCs with same volume and diameter were compared, the aspiration pressure tended to be smaller for neonatal RBCs than for adult cells. To characterize material properties determining RBC deformability, we measured membrane extensional (shear) and bending elastic moduli, the time constant for elastic recovery from extensional deformation and hemoglobin viscosity (ie, cytoplasmic viscosity) of neonatal and adult RBCs. Membrane surface viscosity and time constant for recovery from bending deformation were calculated. The extensional and bending moduli of neonatal RBCs were slightly smaller (10% and 16%, respectively) compared with adult cells. This suggests that the static resistance of neonatal RBC membrane to deformation and failure in response to a given force is slightly smaller. The time constant for recovery from extensional deformation of neonatal RBCs was larger by 14%, compared with adult cells. The time constant for bending deformation related to the RBC diameter and surface area was increased by 18% in the neonates. Membrane surface viscosity and hemoglobin viscosity were similar for both cell types. These results indicate that the deformability and viscoelastic properties of neonatal RBCs deviate only slightly from those of adult RBCs and that the increased aspiration pressure of neonatal RBCs is solely due to their large size. Some of the specific deformation characteristics observed in this study (increased aspiration pressure, decreased resistance to elastic deformation) may contribute to the shortened life span of neonatal RBCs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document