Monovalent Natural Gas Combustion and Downsizing for Lowest CO2 Emissions

MTZ worldwide ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Simon Streng ◽  
Peter Wieske ◽  
Marco Warth ◽  
Jonathan Hall
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion

scholarly journals High-resolution quantification of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> mixing ratios in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 3387-3401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie C. Pugliese ◽  
Jennifer G. Murphy ◽  
Felix R. Vogel ◽  
Michael D. Moran ◽  
Junhua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion

Abstract. Many stakeholders are seeking methods to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in urban areas, but reliable, high-resolution inventories are required to guide these efforts. We present the development of a high-resolution CO2 inventory available for the Greater Toronto Area and surrounding region in Southern Ontario, Canada (area of  ∼ 2.8 × 105 km2, 26 % of the province of Ontario). The new SOCE (Southern Ontario CO2 Emissions) inventory is available at the 2.5 × 2.5 km spatial and hourly temporal resolution and characterizes emissions from seven sectors: area, residential natural-gas combustion, commercial natural-gas combustion, point, marine, on-road, and off-road. To assess the accuracy of the SOCE inventory, we developed an observation–model framework using the GEM-MACH chemistry–transport model run on a high-resolution grid with 2.5 km grid spacing coupled to the Fossil Fuel Data Assimilation System (FFDAS) v2 inventories for anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) land carbon model C-TESSEL for biogenic fluxes. A run using FFDAS for the Southern Ontario region was compared to a run in which its emissions were replaced by the SOCE inventory. Simulated CO2 mixing ratios were compared against in situ measurements made at four sites in Southern Ontario – Downsview, Hanlan's Point, Egbert and Turkey Point – in 3 winter months, January–March 2016. Model simulations had better agreement with measurements when using the SOCE inventory emissions versus other inventories, quantified using a variety of statistics such as correlation coefficient, root-mean-square error, and mean bias. Furthermore, when run with the SOCE inventory, the model had improved ability to capture the typical diurnal pattern of CO2 mixing ratios, particularly at the Downsview, Hanlan's Point, and Egbert sites. In addition to improved model–measurement agreement, the SOCE inventory offers a sectoral breakdown of emissions, allowing estimation of average time-of-day and day-of-week contributions of different sectors. Our results show that at night, emissions from residential and commercial natural-gas combustion and other area sources can contribute > 80 % of the CO2 enhancement, while during the day emissions from the on-road sector dominate, accounting for > 70 % of the enhancement.

scholarly journals High-resolution quantification of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> mixing ratios in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie C. Pugliese ◽  
Jennifer G. Murphy ◽  
Felix R. Vogel ◽  
Michael D. Moran ◽  
Junhua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion

Abstract. Many stakeholders are seeking methods to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in urban areas, however reliable, high-resolution inventories are required to guide these efforts. We present the development of a high-resolution CO2 inventory available for the Greater Toronto Area and surrounding region in southern Ontario, Canada (area of ~ 2.8 × 105 km2, 26 % of the province of Ontario). The new SOCE (Southern Ontario CO2 Emissions) inventory is available at the 2.5 × 2.5 km spatial and hourly temporal resolution and characterizes emissions from seven sectors: Area, Residential natural gas combustion, Commercial natural gas combustion, Point, Marine, On-road and Off-road. To assess the accuracy of the SOCE inventory, we developed an observation-model framework using the GEM-MACH chemistry-transport model run on a high-resolution grid with 2.5 km grid spacing coupled to the Fossil Fuel Data Assimilation System (FFDAS) v2 inventories for anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) land carbon model C-TESSEL for biogenic fluxes. A run using FFDAS for the southern Ontario region was compared to a run in which its emissions were replaced by the SOCE inventory. Simulated CO2 mixing ratios were compared against in situ measurements made at four sites in southern Ontario, Downsview, Hanlan's Point, Egbert and Turkey Point, in three winter months, January–March, 2016. Model simulations had better agreement with measurements when using the SOCE inventory emissions versus other inventories, quantified using a variety of statistics such as Correlation Coefficient, root mean square error and mean bias. Furthermore, when run with the SOCE inventory, the model had improved ability to capture the typical diurnal pattern of CO2 mixing ratios, particularly at the Downsview, Hanlan's Point and Egbert sites. In addition to improved model-measurement agreement, the SOCE inventory offers a sectoral breakdown of emissions, allowing estimation of average time-of-day and day-of-week contributions of different sectors. Our results show that at night, emissions from Residential and Commercial natural gas combustion and other Area sources can contribute > 80 % of the CO2 enhancement while during the day emissions from the On-road sector dominate, accounting for > 70 % of the enhancement.

Research of pressure influence in the gas supply system on the energy consuption level of gas devices

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
L. D. Pylypiv ◽  
І. І. Maslanych
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Gas Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion ◽  
Gas Supply

There are investigated the influence of operating pressures in the gas supply system on the level of such energy indicators as efficiency, gas flow and gas overrun by gas equipment in residential buildings. There is established a relationship between the values of operating pressures in the gas supply system and the gas consumption level of household appliances. The causes of insufficient pressure in the gas networks of settlements are analyzed in the article. There is also developed an algorithm for calculating the change in the efficiency of gas appliances depending on the operational parameters of the gas network. It has been found that the most efficient operation of gas appliances is observed at an overpressure at the inlet of gas appliances of about 1200 Pa.To ensure the required quality of natural gas combustion among consumers and minimize gas consumption there are justified the following measures in the article: coordinating a domestic regulatory framework for assessing the quality of natural gas with international norms and standards; improving the preparation of gas coming from local wells before supplying it to gas distribution networks; auditing low pressure gas pipelines and reconstructing areas affected by corrosion; ensuring standard gas pressure in the network for the normal operation of domestic gas appliances; stating quality indicators of natural gas combustion by gas sales organizations.

Multiflame Patterns in Swirl-Driven Partially Premixed Natural Gas Combustion

2002 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. P. Vanoverberghe ◽  
E. V. Van den Bulck ◽  
M. J. Tummers ◽  
W. A. Hu¨bner
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Bifurcation Phenomena ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Partially Premixed ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion ◽  
Low Nox Emission

Five different flame states are identified in a compact combustion chamber that is fired by a 30 kW swirl-stabilized partially premixed natural gas burner working at atmospheric pressure. These flame states include a nozzle-attached tulip shaped flame, a nonattached torroidal-ring shaped flame (SSF) suitable for very low NOx emission in a gas turbine combustor and a Coanda flame (CSF) that clings to the bottom wall of the combustion chamber. Flame state transition is generated by changing the swirl number and by premixing the combustion air with 70% of the natural gas flow. The flame state transition pathways reveal strong hysteresis and bifurcation phenomena. The paper also presents major species concentrations, temperature and velocity profiles of the lifted flame state and the Coanda flame and discusses the mechanisms of flame transition and stabilization.

Development of a Natural Gas Combustion System for High Specific Power

MTZ worldwide ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Bertold Hüchtebrock ◽  
José Geiger ◽  
Avnish Dhongde ◽  
Harsh Sankhla
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
High Specific Power ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion

Sequential-Based Process Modeling of Natural Gas Combustion in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 2058-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolhasan Hashemi Sohi ◽  
Ali Eslami ◽  
Amir Sheikhi ◽  
Rahmat Sotudeh-Gharebagh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Process Modeling ◽  
Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Natural Gas Combustion
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