Additive manufacturing of mechanical testing samples based on virgin poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA/wood fibre composites

<div class="WordSection1">Rapid prototyping or commonly known as additive manufacturing uses metal and non-metal semi-liquid materials which are compacted layer by layer. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the methods in the additive manufacturing process that uses thermoplastic filaments (PLA and ABS). Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) or poly lactic acid is an organic plastic or bioplastic made from renewable biomass sources such as corn starch, pea starch and vegetable oils. Important factors affecting the quality of 3D Printing results are nozzle diameter, nozzle temperature, bed temperature, infill patern, infill percentage, print speed, layer thickness and infill overlap. Infill overlap is the percentage of overlapping processes of the filament during the printing process. This research was conducted to determine the effect of infill overlapon the physical and mechanical properties of 3d printing products. The infill overlapvariations used are 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% of the nozzle diameter. 50% variation shows better quality when compared to other variations for density test, tensile test, and bending test.</div>

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Anisotropic rate-dependent mechanical behavior of Poly(Lactic Acid) processed by Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing

Additive Manufacturing ◽

10.1016/j.addma.2019.100968 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 100968 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Wilco M.H. Verbeeten ◽

Miriam Lorenzo-Bañuelos ◽

Pablo J. Arribas-Subiñas

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Mechanical Behavior ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Material Extrusion ◽

Rate Dependent

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Effect of Layout Sequence on the Integrity of Poly-lactic Acid and Rice Straw Fibre Composites

Materials Today Proceedings ◽

10.1016/j.matpr.2017.02.199 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 3150-3157

Author(s):

Melissa Augustine Saidi ◽

Alexander Gorin ◽

Soon Kok Heng ◽

Elammaran Jayamani

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Fibre Composites

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Material Extrusion-Based Additive Manufacturing of Poly(Lactic Acid) Antibacterial Filaments—A Case Study of Antimicrobial Properties

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13244337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (24) ◽

pp. 4337

Author(s):

Piotr Gruber ◽

Viktoria Hoppe ◽

Emilia Grochowska ◽

Justyna Paleczny ◽

Adam Junka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Sem Analysis ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Fused Filament Fabrication ◽

Personal Protection Equipment ◽

Specific Species

In the era of the coronavirus pandemic, one of the most demanding areas was the supply of healthcare systems in essential Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), including face-shields and hands-free door openers. This need, impossible to fill by traditional manufacturing methods, was met by implementing of such emerging technologies as additive manufacturing (AM/3D printing). In this article, Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) filaments for Fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology in the context of the antibacterial properties of finished products were analyzed. The methodology included 2D radiography and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to determine the presence of antimicrobial additives in the material and their impact on such hospital pathogens as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Clostridium difficile. The results show that not all tested materials displayed the expected antimicrobial properties after processing in FFF technology. The results showed that in the case of specific species of bacteria, the FFF samples, produced using the declared antibacterial materials, may even stimulate the microbial growth. The novelty of the results relies on methodological approach exceeding scope of ISO 22196 standard and is based on tests with three different species of bacteria in two types of media simulating common body fluids that can be found on frequently touched, nosocomial surfaces. The data presented in this article is of pivotal meaning taking under consideration the increasing interest in application of such products in the clinical setting.

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