In vivo immunostimulatory effect of the amoebocyte lysate and plasma of Asian horseshoe crab, Tachypleus gigas in a piscine model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukanta Kumar Nayak ◽  
Pramod Kumar Nanda ◽  
Priyabrat Swain
Keyword(s):  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Immunostimulatory Effect

In vivo antimicrobial assay of the PPO system using horseshoe crab as the model animal

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naxin Jiang ◽  
Nguan Soon Tan ◽  
Bow Ho ◽  
Jeak Ling Ding
Keyword(s):  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Model Animal ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE LOCALIZATION OF ENDOTOXIN (LPS) IN VIVO BY USING HORSESHOE CRAB FACTOR C

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Uragoh ◽  
K Sueishi ◽  
T Nakamura ◽  
S Iwanaga ◽  
K Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Method ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Ig G

The localization of LPS in vivo was studied with immunohistochemical method using Ig G against Factor C, which was extracted from hemocyte lysate of horseshoe crab and had the specific affinity to LPS. Organs of rats and guinea pigs were light microscopically investigated at different times after intravenous injection of LPS (E.coli; 0111:B4,026:B6 and salmonella typhosa). Tissues were fixed with buffered formalin and then embedded in paraffin. Deparaffinized sections were incubated with Factor C (lpg/ml) for 1 hr, and then with anti-Factor C Ig G for 1 hr, followed by immunoperoxidase method. The immunohistochemical specificity was examined by absorption of Factor C with LPS, binding competition between Factor C and anti-LPS factor which was extracted from hemocyte lysate of horseshoe crab as well as Factor C or using normal animal tissues and normal Ig G. The immunohistochemical specificity was revealed by these examinations. Immunohistochemically, LPS located predominantly in liver and lung, especially in Kupffer cells and infiltrating monocytes and neutrophils, and aggregated platelets since 5 minutes after intravenous injection of LPS. On the endothelial surface of hepatic sinusoids, glomeruli and pulmonary vessels, LPS was also detected in early period. In addition, LPS was also shown within adrenocortical parenchymal cells, particularly of fascicular zone, later. LPS was not detected 3 days after injection of LPS in liver and lung, but remained during 3 days of observation in adrenocortical parenchymal cells. The present studies revealed that Factor C could be available for immunohistochemical demonstration of LPS in vivo, and reticuloendothelial system, macrophages/monocytes and neutrophils were important as the scavenger cells of LPS and might play a significant role on the development of multiorgan failure in endotoxemia.

The Immunostimulatory Effect of Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles on the 4T1 Breast Cancer Model: an In Vivo Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Yazdi ◽  
Mehdi Mahdavi ◽  
Bardia Varastehmoradi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Faramarzi ◽  
Ahmad Reza Shahverdi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Selenium Nanoparticles ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Cancer Model ◽  
Immunostimulatory Effect ◽  
Breast Cancer Model ◽  
4T1 Breast Cancer ◽  
Biogenic Selenium Nanoparticles

scholarly journals Immunostimulatory Effect of Zanthoxylum schinifolium-Based Complex Oil Prepared by Supercritical Fluid Extraction in Splenocytes and Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hak Yong Lee ◽  
Young Mi Park ◽  
Yang Hee Lee ◽  
Yang Gyu Kang ◽  
Hyang Man Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine Production ◽  
Immunostimulatory Effect ◽  
Zanthoxylum Schinifolium

Complex oil of Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Perilla frutescens seed (ZPCO) is used as a traditional medicine due to its pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunostimulatory effect of ZPCO in isolated splenocytes as well as in an immunosuppressed rat model, which was generated via oral administration of cyclophosphamide. Notably, our results showed that ZPCO exerted an immunity-enhancing effect both in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, ZPCO treatment enhanced the viability and inflammatory cytokine production of splenocytes and NK cell activity in vitro. Moreover, this product improved host defense under immunosuppressive conditions by increasing the number of immune cells and promoting the expression of cytokines involved in immune responses. Our results suggest that complex oil including Z. schinifolium should be explored as a novel immunostimulatory agent that could potentially be used for therapeutic purposes or as an ingredient in functional foods.

scholarly journals Evaluation of immunostimulatory effect of the arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea. L) in vitro and in vivo

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Dyah Kumalasari ◽  
Eni Harmayani ◽  
Lily Arsanti Lestari ◽  
Sri Raharjo ◽  
Widya Asmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunostimulatory Effect

Photoreceptor cells dissociated from the compound lateral eye of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, II: Function

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Brad Hanna ◽  
Edwin C. Johnson ◽  
Deborah Chaves ◽  
George H. Renninger
Keyword(s):  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Isolated Cells ◽  
Lateral Eye ◽  
Small Clusters ◽  
Invertebrate Photoreceptor

AbstractA combination of enzymatic digestions and mechanical disruption was used to isolate photoreceptor cells from the compound lateral eye of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus. The cells were maintained in a culture medium and tested for function using whole-cell and cell-attached patch configurations of the gigaseal technique. The cells dissociated from the eye generated spontaneous voltage and current bumps in the dark, and depolarized in a graded fashion to increasing intensities of light over several decades, producing responses similar to those of cells in vivo. Currents evoked during voltage clamp were similar to those in ventral photoreceptor cells of Limulus, although transient currents in the dark- and light-activated currents were smaller in isolated lateral eye cells, perhaps because of the slow speed and spatial nonuniformity of the clamp in these large cells. In addition to isolated cells, dissociation of the compound eye produced small clusters of cells and isolated ommatidia which were also tested for function. Comparison of the electrical characteristics of isolated cells with those of cells in small clusters and in their ommatidial matrix suggests that the electrical junctions normally connecting photoreceptor cells within an ommatidium are functional in the latter groups, but not in isolated cells. Cell-attached patches of rhabdomeral membrane of isolated cells contained light-activated channels, resembling those observed in ventral photoreceptor cells, but no voltage-activated channels. Similar patches of arhabdomeral membrane contained voltage-activated channels, but no light-activated channels. We conclude that this preparation is suitable for studies of processes involved in generating the light response in invertebrate photoreceptor cells.

Immunostimulatory effect of β-cryptoxanthin in vitro and in vivo

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 618-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Nishi ◽  
Ayako Muranaka ◽  
Sogo Nishimoto ◽  
Ayumu Kadota ◽  
Takuya Sugahara
Keyword(s):  
Immunostimulatory Effect

Visual Efference Neuromodulates Retinal Timing: In Vivo Roles of Octopamine, Substance P, Circadian Phase, and Efferent Activation in Limulus

2009 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 1132-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda R. Bolbecker ◽  
Corrinne C. M. Lim-Kessler ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Alicia Swan ◽  
Adrienne Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance P ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Lateral Eye ◽  
Response Onset ◽  
Timing Effects ◽  
The Brain

Efferent nerves coursing from the brain to the lateral eye of the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, increase its nighttime sensitivity to light. They release octopamine, which produces a categorical increase of photoreceptor response duration in vitro. Analogous in vivo timing effects on the electroretinogram (ERG) were demonstrated when octopamine was infiltrated into the eye of an otherwise intact animal; nighttime ERGs were longer than daytime ERGs. Related effects on the ERG were produced by daytime electrical stimulation of efferent fibers. Surprisingly, in a departure from effects predicted solely from in vitro octopamine data, nighttime ERG onsets were also accelerated relative to daytime ERG onsets. Drawing on earlier reports, these remarkable accelerations led to an examination of substance P as another candidate neuromodulator. It demonstrated that infiltrations of either modulator into the lateral eyes of otherwise intact crabs increased the amplitude of ERG responses but that each candidate modulator induced daytime responses that specifically mimicked one of the two particular aspects of the timing differences between day- and nighttime ERGs: octopamine increased the duration of daytime ERGs and substance P infiltrated during the day accelerated response onset. These results indicate that, in addition to octopamine's known role as an efferent neuromodulator that increases nighttime ERG amplitudes, octopamine clearly also affects the timing of photoreceptor responses. But these infiltration data go further and strongly suggest that substance P may also be released into the lateral eye at night, thereby accelerating the ERG's onset in addition to increasing its amplitude.

Fine Structural Changes in the Microvasculature of the Mouse Pinna: Aging and Radiation Injury

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
S. Phyllis Steamer ◽  
Rosemarie L. Devine
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Arterial Stenosis ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Surrounding Connective Tissue ◽  
Fission Neutrons ◽  
Total Body

The importance of radiation damage to the skin and its vasculature was recognized by the early radiologists. In more recent studies, vascular effects were shown to involve the endothelium as well as the surrounding connective tissue. Microvascular changes in the mouse pinna were studied in vivo and recorded photographically over a period of 12-18 months. Radiation treatment at 110 days of age was total body exposure to either 240 rad fission neutrons or 855 rad 60Co gamma rays. After in vivo observations in control and irradiated mice, animals were sacrificed for examination of changes in vascular fine structure. Vessels were selected from regions of specific interest that had been identified on photomicrographs. Prominent ultrastructural changes can be attributed to aging as well as to radiation treatment. Of principal concern were determinations of ultrastructural changes associated with venous dilatations, segmental arterial stenosis and tortuosities of both veins and arteries, effects that had been identified on the basis of light microscopic observations. Tortuosities and irregularly dilated vein segments were related to both aging and radiation changes but arterial stenosis was observed only in irradiated animals.

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