Cuticular adaptations in two parasitic copepods in relation to their modes of life

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kannupandi
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
Modes Of Life

Ascetics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Olivelle
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Practices ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Modes Of Life

Asceticism lies at the very heart of the Dharmaśāstra project. This chapter explores the various holy modes of life discussed in the Dharmaśāstras, especially the gṛhastha, householder, who is also an ascetic of a sort. The focus of the chapter, however, is the two strictly ascetic institutions: the wandering mendicant (pravrajita) and the forest hermit (vānaprastha). The Dharmaśāstras contain some of the earliest descriptions of these two kinds of ascetics: lifestyle, practices, clothing, food, and penances. The forest hermit is defined by his leaving the human-civilized geography and living a life in the wild, eating uncultivated food and wearing clothes from forest material. The wandering mendicant lives without a fixed abode, possessions, or fire. He is a beggar, obtaining his meager requirements of food and clothing from people in villages. The Dharmaśāstras also present subclassifications of these two often related to the manner in which they obtain their food.

Calcareous meiofauna associated with the calcareous alga Corallina officinalis on bedrock and boulder-field shores of Ceredigion, Wales, UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Brent Wilson ◽  
Lee-Ann C. Hayek
Keyword(s):  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Rock Pools ◽  
Lower Shore ◽  
Calcareous Alga ◽  
Corallina Officinalis ◽  
Modes Of Life ◽  
Sessile Organisms

Abstract The intertidal coastline of Ceredigion, Wales, comprises a patchwork of unstable sand and cobble beaches, and stable bedrock areas and boulder-fields. The last two shoreline types support rock-pools with growths of the red alga Corallina officinalis, the thalli of which are a popular substrate for calcareous epiphytes. Replicate samples of C. officinalis (four per site) were taken from (a) three bedrock sites (Ceinewydd, Aberystwyth Victoria Rocks and Castle Rocks) and (b) three boulder-fields (Llanon, Aberaeron lower shore (Aberaeron LS), Llanina) on the lower shore. The middle shore boulder field at Aberaeron (Aberaeron MS) was also sampled. These replicates were examined for calcareous meiofauna (63–2000 μm) not previously examined as a community: spirorbids, foraminifera, gastropods, bryozoans, ostracods and ophiuroids. These were assigned to sessile and vagile modes of life. The sessile association overwhelmingly dominated bedrock coastlines and the Aberaeron MS, while the vagile association was at its most abundant on the Corallina from lower shore, stable boulder-fields. Gastropods were almost entirely limited to Corallina on boulder-fields. We hypothesize that the boulders induce low-energy turbulence among breaking waves, allowing the less firmly attached vagile meiofauna to dominate on C. officinalis in rock-pools in lower shore boulder-fields. The small attachment area of sessile organisms allows them to settle bedrock sites in greater densities than do vagile organisms at boulder-field sites, which are presumed to require larger foraging areas.

scholarly journals The Conditions for after Work: Financialization and Informalization in Posttransition South Africa

PMLA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 127 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Maria Makhulu
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Global South ◽  
First Century ◽  
Informal Employment ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Informal Economies ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
Modes Of Life

This essay situates the problem of twenty-first-century work in the global South—specifically, in South Africa—to challenge northern theories of the crisis of work. Addressing the break between Fordism and post-Fordism peculiar to the postcolonial context, it argues that new regimes of work should be understood in relation both to longer histories of colonial resistance to proletarianization (to the racisms of the shop floor) and to colonial Fordisms, as well as to the way these two factors inform the current expansion of informal employment. What practices and forms of life emerge from the precarity of informal economies and informal settlements? How are precarious modes of life connected to and informed by the steady dematerialization of the economy through financialization?

scholarly journals On some Parasitic Copepods of Japan

1965 ◽  
Vol 2 (0) ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamao FUKUI
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Copepods

scholarly journals Inventory and comparison of abundance of parasitic copepods on fish hosts in the western Wadden Sea (North Sea) between 1968 and 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wouter Koch ◽  
Peter Boer ◽  
Johannes IJ. Witte ◽  
Henk W. Van der Veer ◽  
David W. Thieltges
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Fish Host ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
Fish Hosts

A conspicuous part of the parasite fauna of marine fish are ectoparasites, which attach mainly to the fins or gills. The abundant copepods have received much interest due to their negative effects on hosts. However, for many localities the copepod fauna of fish is still poorly known, and we know little about their temporal stability as long-term observations are largely absent. Our study provides the first inventory of ectoparasitic copepods on fish from the western Wadden Sea (North Sea) based on field data from 1968 and 2010 and additional unpublished notes. In total, 47 copepod parasite species have been recorded on 52 fish host species to date. For two copepod species parasitizing the European flounder (Platichthys flesus), a quantitative comparison of infection levels between 1968 and 2010 was possible. Whereas Acanthochondria cornuta did not show a change in the relationship between host size and infection levels, Lepeophtheirus pectoralis shifted towards the infection of smaller hosts, with higher infection levels in 2010 compared to 1968. These differences probably reflect the biology of the species and the observed decrease in abundance and size of flounders during the last decades. The skin-infecting L. pectoralis can probably compensate for dwindling host abundance by infecting smaller fish and increasing its abundance per given host size. In contrast, the gill cavity inhabiting A. cornuta probably faces a spatial constraint (fixed number of gill arches), thus limiting its abundance and setting a minimum for the host size necessary for infections.

To Be Alive

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 778-778
Author(s):  
LEWIS Mumford ◽  
H. T. Moore ◽  
K. W. Deutsch
Keyword(s):  
The Will ◽  
Modes Of Life ◽  
Union Shop

If appetites are ready, food will follow. To be alive means clear eyes and a good digestion: a readiness to risk one's neck or lose one's sleep: a willingness to work at anything one needs for bread or knowledge from catching fish to measuring an atom's dance: the will to be incorporated with others in a family, union, shop or city, and yet to keep one's proper self intact. A life well-keyed will find its way with equal ease about a landscape or a library. To be a man at all means sharing in the modes of life that men have found a help to sheer existence or to ecstasy.

Caligids-potential pathogens for marine finfish aquaculture in Mexico?

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
Francisco Neptalí Morales-Serna ◽  
Juan Manuel Martínez-Brown ◽  
Rosa Maria Medina-Guerrero ◽  
Emma Josefina Fajer-Ávila
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Host Location ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Parasitic Copepods ◽  
The Family ◽  
And Control ◽  
Finfish Aquaculture

Parasitic copepods of the family Caligidae, the so-called sea lice, may be deleterious to marine or brackish finfish aquaculture. To date, biological and ecological studies of sea lice have been mostly restricted to species from cold or temperate regions. In Mexico there are some records of sea lice species on marine fishes; however, the research regarding their biology and ecology has been scarce. It is possible that a high biodiversity of sea lice is distributed in coastal waters of Mexico; therefore, their significance as pathogenic parasites should increase. The purpose of this review is to outline the current knowledge of the life cycle, host location, ecology, effect on fish health, and control strategies of sea lice in order to establish supportive basis for natural resource management and control of parasites and diseases of marine fish cultured in Mexico.

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