Introduction. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and osteolytic disease.
Vitamin B complex is a class of water-soluble vitamins that play important
roles in cell metabolism. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate
the effects of riboflavin (RBF), nicotinamide (NA), and folic acid (FA) on
alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis rat model. Methods.
Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following eight
groups: Control, Ligated, RBF50 (RBF, 50 mg/kg daily), NA50 (NA, 50 mg/kg
daily), FA50 (FA, 50 mg/kg daily), RBF100 (RBF, 100 mg/kg daily), NA100 (NA,
100 mg/kg daily), and FA100 (FA, 100 mg/kg daily). Periodontitis was induced
using silk ligature around the right first mandibular molar. After 11 days
the rats were sacrificed. Mandible and serum samples were collected. Changes
in alveolar bone levels were measured clinically, and periodontal tissues
were examined histopathologically. Serum IL-1? (pg/ml) levels were analyzed
by using ELISA. Results. Mean alveolar bone loss in the mandibular first
molar tooth revealed to be significantly lower in RBF100 group than in the
Control group. In the Ligated group, alveolar bone loss was significantly
higher than in all other groups. The ratio of presence of inflammatory cell
infiltration in the Ligated group was significantly higher than in the
Control group. The differences in the serum IL-1? levels between the groups
were not statistically significant. Osteoclasts that were observed in the
Ligated group were significantly higher than those of the Control and FA100
groups. The osteoblastic activity in the Ligated group, RBF100, and NA100
groups were shown to be significantly higher than those in the Control group.
Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that systemic administration of RBF,
NA, and FA in different dosages (50-100 mg/kg) reduced alveolar bone loss in
periodontal disease in rats.
Comparative effects of riboflavin, nicotinamide and folic acid on alveolar bone loss: A morphometric and histopathologic study in rats
