Particle size distribution effects on the solid particle erosion of brittle materials

Wear ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Marshall ◽  
A.G. Evans ◽  
M.E. Gulden ◽  
J.L. Routbort ◽  
R.O. Scattergood
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Erosion

scholarly journals Solid Particle Erosion of Brittle Materials (Part 9)

1988 ◽  
Vol 96 (1115) ◽  
pp. 755-759
Author(s):  
Shigetaka WADA ◽  
Naoyoshi WATANABE ◽  
Toshihiko TANI
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Erosion

Effects of Viscosity, Particle Size, and Particle Shape on Erosion in Gas and Liquid Flows

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risa Okita ◽  
Yongli Zhang ◽  
Brenton S. McLaury ◽  
Siamack A. Shirazi ◽  
Edmund F. Rybicki
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Abrasive Particle ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Velocities ◽  
Liquid Flows

Although solid particle erosion has been examined extensively in the literature for dry gas and vacuum conditions, several parameters affecting solid particle erosion in liquids are not fully understood and need additional investigation. In this investigation, erosion ratios of two materials have been measured in gas and also in liquids with various liquid viscosities and abrasive particle sizes and shapes. Solid particle erosion ratios for aluminum 6061-T6 and 316 stainless steel have been measured for a direct impingement flow condition using a submerged jet geometry, with liquid viscosities of 1, 10, 25, and 50 cP. Sharp and rounded sand particles with average sizes of 20, 150, and 300 μm, as well as spherical glass beads with average sizes of 50, 150 and 350 μm, were used as abrasives. To make comparisons of erosion in gas and liquids, erosion ratios of the same materials in air were measured for sands and glass beads with the particle sizes of 150 and 300 μm. Based on these erosion measurements in gas and liquids, several important observations were made: (1) Particle size did not affect the erosion magnitude for gas while it did for viscous liquids. (2) Although aluminum and stainless steel have significant differences in hardness and material characteristics, the mass losses of these materials were nearly the same for the same mass of impacting particles in both liquid and gas. (3) The most important observation from these erosion tests is that the shape of the particles did not significantly affect the trend of erosion results as liquid viscosity varied. This has an important implication on particle trajectory modeling where it is generally assumed that particles are spherical in shape. Additionally, the particle velocities measured with the Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) near the wall were incorporated into the erosion equations to predict the erosion ratio in liquid for each test condition. The calculated erosion ratios are compared to the measured erosion ratios for the liquid case. The calculated results agree with the trend of the experimental data.

Investigation of Particle Size Effects on Solid Particle Erosion of Elbows in Series for Liquid-Solid Flows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshwanthraj Rajkumar ◽  
Soroor Karimi ◽  
Siamack A. Shirazi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Size Effects ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Size Effects ◽  
In Series

Abstract The entrainment of solid particles within the produced fluids can cause solid particle erosion by impacting the piping of production and transportation facilities. Liquid dominated flows are commonly encountered in deep water subsea pipelines while producing oil and gas fluids. It is of great importance to predict the erosion pattern and magnitude for elbows in series in liquid-solid flows as in the oil and gas productions, liquids tends to produce more solid particles compared to gas-solid flows. In the current work, erosion of elbows in series for different particle sizes are investigated by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and compare the erosion pattern results with the results of paint removal experiments using a 76.2 mm diameter acrylic elbows, qualitatively. CFD simulations have been performed to study the particle size effects on erosion using Reynolds stress turbulence model (RSM) and Low-Reynolds number K-ε model. Grid refinement studies have been performed and particles are rebounded at the particle radius to accurately examine the effects of particle sizes on solid particle erosion of these elbows. The CFD results shows that significant erosion is observed at the inner wall of the first elbow for larger particles, and the maximum erosion can be seen towards the end of the second elbow for 300 μm particle size.

scholarly journals Correlation of nanoparticle size distribution features to spatiotemporal flame luminosity in gasoline direct injection engines

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1107-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joonho Jeon ◽  
Noah Bock ◽  
David B Kittelson ◽  
William F Northrop
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Gasoline Direct Injection ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Direct Injection Engines

Particle size distribution measured by mobility instruments is a common diagnostic used to characterize ultrafine and nanoparticle emissions in engine exhaust; however, some features of particle size distribution data are poorly correlated to in-cylinder combustion phenomena. In this work, in-cylinder spatiotemporal flame luminosity is quantitatively correlated to features in the solid particle size distribution measured in the exhaust of a gasoline direct injection engine operating in lean and stoichiometric combustion modes. A multi-channel optical sensor was used to measure diffusion flame light intensity in different areas of the combustion chamber. Total solid particle number and particle size distribution in the exhaust were measured using a scanning mobility particle sizer after a catalytic stripper that removed semi-volatile compounds. Results of the experiments showed that different flame phenomenon resulted in distinct particle size distribution characteristics. A large accumulation mode (particles with diameter of 50–100 nm) in the particle size distribution from stoichiometric engine operation with early injection resulted from anomalous diffusion flames like piston-top pool fires. In lean operation incorporating a secondary fuel injection, particle emissions were dominated by flame propagation through fuel-rich regions of the combustion chamber resulting in a comparatively broad particle size distribution. More generally, this work illustrates how particle size distribution data can be more accurately used to diagnose soot formation in gasoline direct injection engines.

Particle Size and Concentration Effects on Solid Particle Erosion With PIV Measurements of Particle Velocities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeshwanth R. Rajkumar ◽  
Siamack A. Shirazi ◽  
Soroor Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Solid Particle ◽  
Particle Flow ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Particle Erosion ◽  
Concentration Effects ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Particle Velocities

Abstract Solid particle erosion is one of the most commonly encountered problems faced by the oil and gas industries during production and transportation processes. The severity of solid particle erosion is affected by multitude of factors such as particle properties, fluid flow properties and flow geometry, flow regime, and target material properties. The present work investigates the effect of particle size on solid particle erosion in gas flows. Sharp quartz particles with nominal sizes of 75, 150, 300 and 600 μm are used in this work. Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV) is used to measure the particles velocities distributions for various particle flow rates. An average particle velocity of 24 m/s is used to conduct erosion experiments for various particle sizes and two particle rates on Stainless Steel 316 at two different impact angles of 15 and 90 degrees. Comparison of measurements for two particle flow rates of approximately 0.02% and 0.002% by volumes demonstrates that increased particle flow rate can affect the carrier fluid’s flow field and change particle velocities within the carrying fluid. In the erosion experiments, the magnitude of erosion ratio increases as there is an increase in particle size. A preliminary erosion model is developed that can be used in CFD simulations of solid particle erosion for various particle sizes.

scholarly journals Solid Particle Erosion of Brittle Materials (Part 8)

1988 ◽  
Vol 96 (1113) ◽  
pp. 599-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigetaka WADA ◽  
Naoyoshi WATANTABE
Keyword(s):  
Solid Particle ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Solid Particle Erosion ◽  
Particle Erosion
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