Three-dimensional analysis of pile group foundation and anchor-soil system

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 838-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Mohammed ◽  
John B. Kennedy

Soil – metal structures consisting of metal conduits covered with soil have been used extensively for short-span bridges. Recently, some designers ventured into utilizing them for longer spans with shallow soil cover which has led to some failures. Long-span soil – metal structures are often designed with transverse stiffeners attached to the metal structure. Another approach is the use of a reinforced-soil system in which the surrounding soil is reinforced and the metal conduit is tied into the soil. In this paper, a three-dimensional analysis of long-span soil – metal structures is carried out using these two approaches. The analysis is verified and substantiated by results from laboratory models. The structural responses from the two designs show that the latter design approach leads to a more economical structure. A design example based on the Cheese Factory Bridge built in Ontario in 1984 is presented. Key words: bridges, design, long span, reinforced soil, soil – metal structures, structural engineering, three-dimensional analysis.


2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinoh Won ◽  
Sang-Yong Ahn ◽  
Sangseom Jeong ◽  
Jinhyung Lee ◽  
Seo-Yong Jang

Author(s):  
S. Naka ◽  
R. Penelle ◽  
R. Valle

The in situ experimentation technique in HVEM seems to be particularly suitable to clarify the processes involved in recrystallization. The material under investigation was unidirectionally cold-rolled titanium of commercial purity. The problem was approached in two different ways. The three-dimensional analysis of textures was used to describe the texture evolution during the primary recrystallization. Observations of bulk-annealed specimens or thin foils annealed in the microscope were also made in order to provide information concerning the mechanisms involved in the formation of new grains. In contrast to the already published work on titanium, this investigation takes into consideration different values of the cold-work ratio, the temperature and the annealing time.Two different models are commonly used to explain the recrystallization textures i.e. the selective grain growth model (Beck) or the oriented nucleation model (Burgers). The three-dimensional analysis of both the rolling and recrystallization textures was performed to identify the mechanismsl involved in the recrystallization of titanium.


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