Superposition of binaural influences on single neuron activity in the medial superior olive elicited by electrical stimulation of the osseous spiral laminae

The single neuron activity in the anteroventral region of the third ventricle (AV3V) was extracellularly recorded in urethan and alpha-chloralose anesthetized rats. Electrical stimulation of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) revealed a reciprocal neural connection between the AV3V and these hypothalamic nuclei with an ipsilateral preponderance. All the AV3V neurons, which were antidromically activated by the stimulation of the mPOA or the PVN, altered their activity after the systemic injection of interleukin (IL)-1beta. On the other hand, only about 60% of the AV3V neurons that showed orthodromic responses were affected by IL-1beta. In seven of nine AV3V neurons that were electrophysiologically identified to send their axons to the mPOA or the PVN, the recombinant human IL-1beta-induced excitation and inhibition were attenuated by a local application of sodium salicylate through multibarreled micropipettes. These results suggest that the AV3V neurons alter their activity in response to the blood-borne IL-1beta, at least in part, through a local synthesis of prostanoids and then send the information to the mPOA and PVN.

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Physiology of the Basal Ganglia: An Overview

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/s0317167100046278 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 11 (S1) ◽

pp. 124-128 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Robert G. Lee

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Basal Ganglia ◽

Substantia Nigra ◽

Globus Pallidus ◽

Single Neuron ◽

Specific Role ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Chronic Recording ◽

Efferent Projections ◽

Single Neuron Activity

ABSTRACTThe major anatomical connections of the basal ganglia are reviewed, emphasizing the inputs to the striatum and efferent projections from the major output nuclei, the internal segment of globus pallidus and the pars reticulata of substantia nigra. The results from lesioning experiments, electrical stimulation, and chronic recording of single neuron activity have provided a wealth of data concerning the physiology of the basal ganglia. Although the deficits resulting from disease of the basal ganglia are well recognized, the specific role which these structures play in the control of normal movements remains speculative.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Single-neuron activity in the human supplementary motor area underlying preparation for action.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1019380.218527 ◽

2004 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Hallett

Keyword(s):

Single Neuron ◽

Supplementary Motor Area ◽

Motor Area ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Single Neuron Activity

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Single neuron activity and theta modulation in postrhinal cortex during visual object discrimination.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.717976774.793470559 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Chris Baker

Keyword(s):

Single Neuron ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Visual Object ◽

Object Discrimination ◽

Postrhinal Cortex ◽

Single Neuron Activity

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Changes in Prefrontal Cortex–Thalamic Circuitry after Acoustic Trauma

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9010077 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

Kristin M. Barry ◽

Donald Robertson ◽

Wilhelmina H. A. M. Mulders

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Auditory System ◽

Acoustic Trauma ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Compensatory Mechanism ◽

Efferent Connections ◽

Medial Geniculate ◽

Central Auditory Pathways ◽

Stimulation Of

In the adult auditory system, loss of input resulting from peripheral deafferentation is well known to lead to plasticity in the central nervous system, manifested as reorganization of cortical maps and altered activity throughout the central auditory pathways. The auditory system also has strong afferent and efferent connections with cortico-limbic circuitry including the prefrontal cortex and the question arises whether this circuitry is also affected by loss of peripheral input. Recent studies in our laboratory showed that PFC activation can modulate activity of the auditory thalamus or medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) in normal hearing rats. In addition, we have shown in rats that cochlear trauma resulted in altered spontaneous burst firing in MGN. However, whether the PFC influence on MGN is changed after cochlear trauma is unknown. We investigated the effects of electrical stimulation of PFC on single neuron activity in the MGN in anaesthetized Wistar rats 2 weeks after acoustic trauma or sham surgery. Electrical stimulation of PFC showed a variety of effects in MGN neurons both in sham and acoustic trauma groups but inhibitory responses were significantly larger in the acoustic trauma animals. These results suggest an alteration in functional connectivity between PFC and MGN after cochlear trauma. This change may be a compensatory mechanism increasing sensory gating after the development of altered spontaneous activity in MGN, to prevent altered activity reaching the cortex and conscious perception.

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