Single Neuron Activity and Theta Modulation in Postrhinal Cortex during Visual Object Discrimination

The single neuron activity in the anteroventral region of the third ventricle (AV3V) was extracellularly recorded in urethan and alpha-chloralose anesthetized rats. Electrical stimulation of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) revealed a reciprocal neural connection between the AV3V and these hypothalamic nuclei with an ipsilateral preponderance. All the AV3V neurons, which were antidromically activated by the stimulation of the mPOA or the PVN, altered their activity after the systemic injection of interleukin (IL)-1beta. On the other hand, only about 60% of the AV3V neurons that showed orthodromic responses were affected by IL-1beta. In seven of nine AV3V neurons that were electrophysiologically identified to send their axons to the mPOA or the PVN, the recombinant human IL-1beta-induced excitation and inhibition were attenuated by a local application of sodium salicylate through multibarreled micropipettes. These results suggest that the AV3V neurons alter their activity in response to the blood-borne IL-1beta, at least in part, through a local synthesis of prostanoids and then send the information to the mPOA and PVN.

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A NWB-based dataset and processing pipeline of human single-neuron activity during a declarative memory task

Scientific Data ◽

10.1038/s41597-020-0415-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

N. Chandravadia ◽

D. Liang ◽

A. G. P. Schjetnan ◽

A. Carlson ◽

M. Faraut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Neuron ◽

Declarative Memory ◽

Memory Task ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Processing Pipeline ◽

Single Neuron Activity

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Modulation of feeding by endogenous sugar acids acting as hunger or satiety factors

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1984.246.4.r542 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 246 (4) ◽

pp. R542-R550 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

N. Shimizu ◽

Y. Oomura ◽

T. Sakata

Keyword(s):

Food Intake ◽

Feeding Behavior ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Single Neuron ◽

Cerebral Ventricle ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Hypothalamic Area ◽

The Third ◽

Single Neuron Activity ◽

Fasted Rats

Endogenous sugar acids, 3,4-dihydroxybutanoic acid (2-deoxytetronic acid, 2-DTA) and 2,4,5-trihydroxypentanoic acid (3-deoxypentonic acid, 3-DPA), have been identified in the serum of fasted rats. Effects of these sugar acids on rat feeding behavior and neuron activity were investigated. Injections of 2-DTA (2.5 mumol) into the third cerebral ventricle of chronic rats suppressed food intake and single-neuron activity in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). Food consumption was reduced for 24 h, even in 72-h food-deprived rats. The same amounts of 3-DPA elicited feeding and increased LHA single-neuron activity with latencies of 6-8 min. Electrophoretically applied 2-DTA significantly and specifically suppressed activity of glucose-sensitive neurons in the LHA, whereas 3-DPA facilitated the activity. Nonglucose-sensitive LHA neurons were not affected by these sugar acids. The high correlation between modulation of feeding behavior and changes in LHA neuron activity after injection of these sugar acids suggested that 2-DTA may act as an endogenous satiety substance and 3-DPA as a hunger substance. The effects may be mediated through glucose-sensitive neurons in the LHA.

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Representation of actions and outcomes in medial prefrontal cortex during delayed conditional decision-making: Population analyses of single neuron activity

Brain and Neuroscience Advances ◽

10.1177/2398212818773865 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 239821281877386 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Miranda J. Francoeur ◽

Robert G. Mair

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽

Single Neuron ◽

Neuron Activity ◽

Related Activity ◽

Response Options ◽

Single Neuron Activity ◽

Temporal Organisation ◽

Matching To Position

Background: To respond adaptively in a dynamic environment, it is important for organisms to utilise information about recent events to decide between response options. Methods: To examine the role of medial prefrontal cortex in adaptive decision-making, we recorded single neuron activity in rats performing a dynamic delayed non-matching to position task. Results: We recorded activity from 1335 isolated neurons, 458 (34%) with criterion event-related activity, of which 431 (94%) exhibited 1 of 10 distinct excitatory response types: five at different times relative to delivery (or lack) of reinforcement following sample and choice responses and five correlated with movements or lever press actions that occurred multiple times in each trial. Normalised population averages revealed a precisely timed cascade of population responses representing the temporal organisation behavioural events that constitute delayed non-matching to position trials. Firing field analyses identified a subset of neurons with restricted spatial fields: responding to the conjunction of a behavioural event with a specific location. Anatomical analyses showed considerable overlap in the distribution of different response types in medial prefrontal cortex with a significant trend for dorsal areas to contain more neurons with action-related activity and ventral areas more responses related to action outcomes. Conclusion: These results indicate that medial prefrontal cortex contains discrete populations of neurons that represent the temporal organisation of actions and outcomes during delayed non-matching to position trials. They support the hypothesis that medial prefrontal cortex promotes flexible control of complex behaviours by action–outcome contingencies.

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