scholarly journals Effect of physiological heart rate changes on left ventricular dimensions and mitral blood flow velocities in the normal fetus

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
P.B. Tsyvian ◽  
K.V. Malkin ◽  
J.W. Wladimiroff
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Normal Fetus ◽  
Left Ventricular Dimensions ◽  
Blood Flow Velocities ◽  
Ventricular Dimensions ◽  
Flow Velocities

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (diastolic heart failure)

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (51) ◽  
pp. 2030-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
István Czuriga ◽  
Attila Borbély ◽  
Dániel Czuriga ◽  
Zoltán Papp ◽  
István Édes
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Diastolic Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Preserved Ejection Fraction ◽  
Normal Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Dimensions ◽  
Ventricular Dimensions

Diastolic heart failure, which is also called as heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, is a clinical syndrome in which patients have signs and symptoms of heart failure, normal or near normal left ventricular ejection fraction (≥50%) and evidence of diastolic dysfunction. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated that more than half of all heart failure patients have diastolic heart failure. The syndrome is more common in women than in men and the prevalence increases with age. Patients with diastolic heart failure form a fairly heterogeneous group with complex pathophysiologic mechanisms. The disease is often in association with other comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus or obesity. The diagnosis of diastolic heart failure is best achieved by two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography, which can detect abnormal myocardial relaxation, decreased compliance and increased filling pressure in the setting of normal left ventricular dimensions and preserved ejection fraction. Unlike heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, there is no such an evidence-based treatment for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, which would improve clinical outcomes. Thus, pharmacological therapy of diastolic heart failure is based mainly on empiric data, and aims to the normalization of blood pressure, reduction of left ventricular dimensions and increased heart rate, maintenance of normal atrial contraction and treatment of symptoms caused by congestion. Beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers may be utilized in patients with diastolic dysfunction, especially in those with hypertension. Beta-blockers appear to be useful in lowering heart rate and thereby prolonging left ventricular diastolic filling time, while diuretic therapy is the mainstay of treatment for preventing pulmonary congestion. Nonetheless, treatment of the underlying disease is also an important therapeutic approach. This review summarizes the state of current knowledge with regard to diastolic heart failure. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 2030–2040.

Comparison of Peak and Modal Aortic Blood Flow Velocities With Invasive Measures of Left Ventricular Performance

1988 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran B. Sagar ◽  
L. Samuel Wann ◽  
Lawrence E. Boerboom ◽  
John Kalbfleisch ◽  
Theodore L. Rhyne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Aortic Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular Performance ◽  
Ventricular Performance ◽  
Aortic Blood ◽  
Blood Flow Velocities ◽  
Flow Velocities

Cerebral blood velocity and other cardiovascular responses to 2 days of head-down tilt

1993 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Frey ◽  
T. H. Mader ◽  
J. P. Bagian ◽  
J. B. Charles ◽  
R. T. Meehan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Blood Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocities ◽  
Flow Velocities

Spaceflight induces a cephalad redistribution of fluid volume and blood flow within the human body, and space motion sickness, which is a problem during the first few days of spaceflight, could be related to these changes in fluid status and in blood flow of the cerebrum and vestibular system. To evaluate possible changes in cerebral blood flow during simulated weightlessness, we measured blood velocity in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) along with retinal vascular diameters, intraocular pressure, impedance cardiography, and sphygmomanometry on nine men (26.2 +/- 6.6 yr) morning and evening for 2 days during continuous 10 degrees head-down tilt (HDT). When subjects went from seated to head-down bed rest, their heart rate and retinal diameters decreased, and intraocular pressures increased. After 48 h of HDT, blood flow velocity in the MCA was decreased and thoracic impedance was increased, indicating less fluid in the thorax. Percent changes in blood flow velocities in the MCA after 48 h of HDT were inversely correlated with percent changes in retinal vascular diameters. Blood flow velocities in the MCA were inversely correlated (intersubject) with arterial pressures and retinal vascular diameters. Heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, systolic arterial pressure, and at times pulse pressure and blood flow velocities in the MCA were greater in the evening. Total peripheral resistance was higher in the morning. Although cerebral blood velocity is reduced after subjects are head down for 2 days, the inverse relationship with retinal vessel diameters, which have control analogous to that of cerebral vessels, indicates cerebral blood flow is not reduced.

Patterns of Cerebral Blood Flow and Systemic Hemodynamics During Arithmetic Processing

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Werner ◽  
Neval Kapan ◽  
Gustavo A. Reyes del Paso
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamics ◽  
Heart Period ◽  
Blood Flow Velocities ◽  
Flow Velocities

The present study explored modulations in cerebral blood flow and systemic hemodynamics during the execution of a mental calculation task in 41 healthy subjects. Time course and lateralization of blood flow velocities in the medial cerebral arteries of both hemispheres were assessed using functional transcranial Doppler sonography. Indices of systemic hemodynamics were obtained using continuous blood pressure recordings. Doppler sonography revealed a biphasic left dominant rise in cerebral blood flow velocities during task execution. Systemic blood pressure increased, whereas heart period, heart period variability, and baroreflex sensitivity declined. Blood pressure and heart period proved predictive of the magnitude of the cerebral blood flow response, particularly of its initial component. Various physiological mechanisms may be assumed to be involved in cardiovascular adjustment to cognitive demands. While specific contributions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems may account for the observed pattern of systemic hemodynamics, flow metabolism coupling, fast neurogenic vasodilation, and cerebral autoregulation may be involved in mediating cerebral blood flow modulations. Furthermore, during conditions of high cardiovascular reactivity, systemic hemodynamic changes exert a marked influence on cerebral blood perfusion.

scholarly journals Effect of positioning from supine and left lateral positions to left lateral tilt on maternal blood flow velocities and waveforms in full-term parturients

Anaesthesia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 936-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kundra ◽  
J. Velraj ◽  
U. Amirthalingam ◽  
S. Habeebullah ◽  
K. Yuvaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Maternal Blood ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Lateral Tilt ◽  
Blood Flow Velocities ◽  
Flow Velocities

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status in Children with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. e120-e124
Author(s):  
Duaa M. Raafat ◽  
Osama M. EL-Asheer ◽  
Amal A. Mahmoud ◽  
Manal M. Darwish ◽  
Naglaa S. Osman
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Vitamin D Receptors ◽  
Left Ventricular Dimensions ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ventricular Dimensions

AbstractDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the third leading cause of heart failure in pediatrics. The exact etiology of DCM is unknown in more than half of the cases. Vitamin D receptors are represented in cardiac muscles, endothelium, and smooth muscles of blood vessels suggesting that vitamin D could have a vital cardioprotective function. This study aimed to assess serum level of vitamin D in children with idiopathic DCM and to correlate the serum level of vitamin D with the left ventricular dimensions and function. This study is a descriptive cross-sectional single-center study, includes 44 children of both sexes, diagnosed as idiopathic DCM. Serum level of vitamin D was assessed and correlated with the left ventricular dimensions and function. Mean age of studied children was 6.08 ± 4.4 years. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 90.9% of children with idiopathic DCM with a mean level 13.48 ng/mL. There was a negative correlation between vitamin D level and fraction shortening and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter in children with DCM. Vitamin D level is not only significantly low in children with idiopathic DCM but it is also significantly correlated with the degree of left ventricular dysfunction.

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