The effects of pH, ionic strength and organic phase on the bacterial adhesion to hydrocarbons (BATH) test

Extraction of hafnium(IV) was studied from solutions of mixtures of perchloric and nitric acids and of perchloric and hydrochloric acids for constant ionic strength, I = 2, 4, 6, or 8, and for cHf 4 . 10-4 mol l-1. The organic phase was constituted by solutions of some acidic or neutral organophosphorus reagents or of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-benzoyl-5-pyrazolone, or N-benzoyl-N-phenylhydroxylamine in benzene, chloroform, or n-octane. A pronounced synergic extraction of hafnium proceeds only on applying organophosphorus reagents from an aqueous phase whose acidity is not lower than 3M-(HClO4 + HNO3) or 5M-(HClO4 + HCl). The synergic effect was not affected markedly by a variation of the initial concentration of hafnium in the range 1 . 10-8 -4 .10-4 mol l-1, it lowered with increasing initial concentration of the organophosphorus reagent and decreasing concentration of the H+ ions. It is suggested that the hafnium passes into the organic phase in the form of mixed complexes, the salting-out effect of perchloric acid playing an appreciable part.

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Bacterial adhesion on hybrid cationic nanoparticle–polymer brush surfaces: Ionic strength tunes capture from monovalent to multivalent binding

Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces ◽

10.1016/j.colsurfb.2011.05.010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 87 (1) ◽

pp. 109-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Bing Fang ◽

Saugata Gon ◽

Myoung Park ◽

Kushi-Nidhi Kumar ◽

Vincent M. Rotello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Bacterial Adhesion ◽

Polymer Brush ◽

Multivalent Binding

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Effects of pH and ionic strength on the cation exchange capacity of soils with variable charge

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9810093 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 93 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

GP Gillman

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Cation Exchange ◽

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Surface Soils ◽

Ph Values ◽

Variable Charge ◽

Effects Of Ph ◽

Variable Charge Soils

The cation exchange capacity of six surface soils from north Queensland and Hawaii has been measured over a range of pH values (4-6) and ionic strength values (0.003-0.05). The results show that for variable charge soils, modest changes in electrolyte ionic strength are as important in their effect on caton exchange capacity as are changes in pH values.

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Effects of pH and ionic strength on the structure and spectroscopic properties of Fe(III) complex porphyrin in aqueous solutions

Conference Digest. 2000 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe (Cat. No.00TH8505) ◽

10.1109/cleoe.2000.910029 ◽

2000 ◽

Author(s):

A.S.L. Gomes ◽

M. Trsic ◽

I.E. Borissevitch ◽

E.A. Vidoto ◽

O.R. Nascimento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Spectroscopic Properties ◽

Effects Of Ph

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Evaluation of effects of pH and ionic strength on colloidal stability of IgG solutions by PEG-induced liquid-liquid phase separation

The Journal of Chemical Physics ◽

10.1063/1.4966708 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 145 (18) ◽

pp. 185101 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ronald W. Thompson ◽

Ramil F. Latypov ◽

Ying Wang ◽

Aleksey Lomakin ◽

Julie A. Meyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Separation ◽

Ionic Strength ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Colloidal Stability ◽

Liquid Phase Separation ◽

Effects Of Ph ◽

Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

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Effects of pH, aluminium, and soft water on larvae of the amphibians Bufo bufo and Triturus vulgaris

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z06-166 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 84 (11) ◽

pp. 1668-1677 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jon K. Skei ◽

Dag Dolmen

Keyword(s):

Ionic Strength ◽

High Mortality ◽

Bufo Bufo ◽

Soft Water ◽

Internal Environment ◽

Triturus Vulgaris ◽

Effects Of Ph ◽

Low Ionic Strength

Larval Bufo bufo (L., 1758) and Triturus vulgaris (L., 1758) were exposed to soft water (0.5 mg·L–1 Ca2+) experimentally acidified to pH 3.9 to 5.9 and total aluminium concentrations of <10, 150, and 300 µg·L–1. Below pH 4.5 both species experienced increased mortality. The LC50 (168 h) for <10 and 150 µg·L–1 Al was pH 4.3 and 4.1 for B. bufo and 4.2 and 4.1 for T. vulgaris. However, Al3+ increased the survival of both species, which may be due to the contribution of Al3+ to the ionic strength. No B. bufo larvae died at pH >4.5, whereas T. vulgaris at higher Al concentrations suffered relatively high mortality at pH 5.1–5.9, where Al occurs mainly as Al(OH)2+ and Al(OH)2+. Unlike external gills (T. vulgaris), internal gills (B. bufo) have their own internal environment and are probably better protected against the presence of these toxic Al species in the water. These Al species thus seem to be toxic to T. vulgaris larvae but not to B. bufo. Chloride was seen to be important for survival in water of low ionic strength, since the survival of T. vulgaris larvae, particularly at low Al concentration, increased at pH levels down to pH 4.3 when the water was acidified with HCl.

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