Acute effect of cigarette smoking on the coronary circulation: Constriction of epicardial and resistance vessels

1. Six healthy male subjects received 0.9% (w/v) NaCl (saline) followed by incremental doses of bradykinin (1, 3 and 10 pmol/min), via the left brachial artery. Blood flow and the response of blood flow to lower-body negative pressure were measured in both forearms during infusion of saline and each dose of bradykinin. 2. Bradykinin produced a moderate and dose-dependent increase in blood flow in the infused, but not the non-infused, forearm. Lower-body negative pressure produced an approximately 15–20% reduction in blood flow in both forearms, and this response was unaffected by local infusion of bradykinin. 3. Bradykinin, in contrast to angiotensin II, had no acute effect on peripheral sympathetic responses to lower-body negative pressure. We conclude that, in forearm resistance vessels in man, withdrawal of angiotensin II, rather than accumulation of bradykinin, is likely to account for the attenuation of peripheral sympathetic responses after acute administration of a converting-enzyme inhibitor.

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The acute effect of cigarette smoking on the microcirculation of a replanted digit

The Journal Of Hand Surgery ◽

10.1016/0363-5023(92)90397-8 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 230-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Leon N.A. van Adrichem ◽

S.E.R. Hovius ◽

R. van Strik ◽

J.C. van der Meulen

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Acute Effect

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Acute effect of cigarette smoking on serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in normal man.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine ◽

10.1620/tjem.137.113 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 137 (1) ◽

pp. 113-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

KENJI MIZUNO ◽

KENJI YAGINUMA ◽

SHIGEATSU HASHIMOTO ◽

TAKAHISA TOKI ◽

ICHIROH NAKAMURA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Acute Effect ◽

Converting Enzyme ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Activity ◽

Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Normal Man

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Acute effect of tobacco cigarette smoking on the platelet aggregate ratio

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences ◽

10.1097/00000441-197909000-00015 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 278 (2) ◽

pp. 177

Author(s):

J W DAVIS ◽

R F DAVIS

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Acute Effect ◽

Tobacco Cigarette ◽

Platelet Aggregate

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The Acute Effect of Cigarette Smoking on Pulmonary Function Studies

Diseases of the Chest ◽

10.1378/chest.40.3.284 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 284-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

EDWIN L. ROTHFELD ◽

DAVID BIBER ◽

ARTHUR BERNSTEIN

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Acute Effect

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Parathyroid Hormone's Acute Effect on Vasodilatory Function

Clinical Medicine Insights Endocrinology and Diabetes ◽

10.4137/cmed.s4650 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. CMED.S4650 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Farahnak ◽

L. Lind ◽

K. Mattala ◽

I-L. Nilsson

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Blood Flow ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Forearm Blood Flow ◽

Acute Effect ◽

Venous Occlusion ◽

Arterial Infusion ◽

Resistance Vessels ◽

Vasodilatory Function ◽

Pth Level

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) seems to affect the risk of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate PTH's acute effect on endothelial vasodilatory function in forearm resistance vessels. Ten healthy subjects underwent forearm venous occlusion plethysmography. We measured forearm blood flow at baseline and at a stable, locally increased PTH level after intra-arterial infusion of metacholine and nitroprusside. The contralateral arm served as a control. Ionized calcium (Ca++) and PTH values were normal in all subjects at baseline (1.26 ± 0.02 mM/L, 3.6 ± 1.2 pM/L). After 30 minutes of PTH infusion, the PTH level increased in the active arm (13.8 ± 4.0 pM/L P < 0.01), while the Ca++ level was unchanged (1.25 ± 0.04; mM/L). Both the PTH and the Ca++ level in the contralateral arm remained unchanged, which indicates no systemic influence. The endothelial-dependent vasodilation was inversely correlated to the Ca++ level at baseline (r = −0.75, P < 0.05) and after PTH infusion (r = −0.68, P < 0.05). The vasodilatory function was not affected during PTH-infusion.

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Beta-receptor subtypes in the canine coronary circulation

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.5.h1575 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 259 (5) ◽

pp. H1575-H1585 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. G. Trivella ◽

T. P. Broten ◽

E. O. Feigl

Keyword(s):

Coronary Circulation ◽

Cardiac Pacing ◽

Receptor Subtypes ◽

Coronary Vasodilation ◽

Inotropic Effects ◽

Resistance Vessels ◽

Beta Receptors ◽

Anesthetized Dogs ◽

Beta 2

The principal difficulty in determining the subtype of coronary vascular beta-receptors in vivo is to avoid the local metabolic coronary vasodilation that occurs secondary to activation of myocardial beta-receptors. Therefore, a nonbeating cardiac preparation without chronotropic or inotropic effects is needed. In this study, the coronary circulation was perfused at constant pressure in closed-chest chloralose-anesthetized dogs. The increase in coronary blood flow due to intracoronary injections of the combined beta 1- and beta 2-agonist isoproterenol was determined during prolonged asystoles after the cessation of cardiac pacing in atrioventricular heart-blocked animals. Both beta 1-selective (practolol and L 650,744) and beta 2-selective (ICI 118,551) antagonists blocked isoproterenol-induced coronary vasodilation. In contrast, isoproterenol vasodilation in the femoral circulation was blocked by beta 2- but not by beta 1-selective antagonists. In conclusion, both beta 1- and beta 2-receptors in coronary resistance vessels are stimulated by isoproterenol to produce vasodilation during prolonged asystoles, when cardiac chronotropic and inotropic effects are absent.

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