RESPONSE OF THE CLAM, MACOMABALTHICA (LINNAEUS), EXPOSED TO PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL AS UNMIXED OIL, WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION, AND OIL-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT IN THE LABORATORY

1977 ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamra L. Taylor ◽  
John F. Karinen
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Prudhoe Bay

Increased Opercular Rates of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) Fry after Exposure to the Water-Soluble Fraction of Prudhoe Bay Crude Oil

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2221-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Thomas ◽  
Stanley D. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Pink Salmon ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Pink Salmon Oncorhynchus Gorbuscha ◽  
Water Soluble Fraction ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Prudhoe Bay ◽  
Sublethal Concentrations

The opercular rates of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry were measured during 24-h exposure to sublethal concentrations of the water-soluble fraction of Prudhoe Bay crude oil. Opercular rates increased significantly for as long as 9 and 12 h after exposure to water-soluble fractions prepared from oil–water solutions of 2.83 and 3.46 ppm. The increases in rates were proportional to increases in dose. Recording changes in opercular rates appears to be a suitable method for detecting sublethal physiological effects of stress, because the observed changes occurred at approximately 20% of the 96 h-LC50.

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