Citrus Exocortis Viroid

2017 ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Duran-Vila
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Exocortis Viroid

scholarly journals Eliminação de vírus do complexo sorose dos citros por microenxertia associada a termoterapia

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
SÉRGIO A. CARVALHO ◽  
FRANCISCA A. SANTOS ◽  
MARCOS A. MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Tristeza Virus ◽  
Citrus Exocortis Viroid ◽  
Tristeza Virus ◽  
Citrus Tristeza

A microenxertia de ápices caulinares tem sido utilizada com 100% de sucesso na eliminação do vírus da tristeza (Citrus tristeza virus) e dos viróides da exocorte (Citrus exocortis viroid - CEVd) e cachexia-xiloporose de materiais do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Citros do Centro de Citricultura Sylvio Moreira CCSM-IAC. Para o complexo da sorose, entretanto, esta técnica tem apresentado somente 60% de eficiência, indicando a necessidade de sua associação com termoterapia para garantir a eliminação viral. Para tanto, mudas originadas de borbulhas infetadas com sorose foram mantidas em câmara climática com 16 h de luz a 38 ºC e 8 h no escuro a 32 ºC e utilizadas para a obtenção dos ápices caulinares empregados na microenxertia. Após o pegamento, o conjunto micro porta-enxerto e brotação foi sobre-enxertado em limoeiro (Citrus limonia) 'Cravo' com sete meses de idade e mantido em condições de casa de vegetação. Clones de laranjeiras doces (Citrus sinsensis) 'Lima', 'Rubi', 'Piralima', 'Salustiana', 'João Nunes', 'Rosa' e 'Pêra Caire' tratados desta maneira, comprovaram eficiência de 100% de eliminação do complexo sorose, conforme indexação realizada empregando-se laranjeira 'Do Céu' como planta indicadora.

scholarly journals First Report of Citrus Exocortis Viroid and Two Citrus Variants of the Hop Stunt Viroid on Lemon in Azerbaijan

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 2341-2341 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Tan ◽  
T. H. O. Talibov ◽  
R. R. Krueger ◽  
S. Bodaghi ◽  
T. Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Report ◽  
Stunt Viroid ◽  
Citrus Exocortis Viroid ◽  
Hop Stunt Viroid

scholarly journals Detection of Multiple Infections of Citrus exocortis viroid, Citrus viroid III, and Hop stunt viroid Variants in Hunan Province, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (9) ◽  
pp. 1205-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rizza ◽  
A. Catara ◽  
X. F. Ma ◽  
Z. Deng
Keyword(s):  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Variable Degree ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Stunt Viroid ◽  
Citrus Exocortis Viroid ◽  
Hop Stunt Viroid ◽  
Citrus Viroids

Citrus cultivation in China has increased since the late 1970s, with China now having the largest area of citrus in culture in the world that is spread in 22 provinces and municipalities. Hunan Province has undergone a program to become one of the major citrus producers in China. Poncirus trifoliata is the main rootstock, so citrus viroids are a limiting factor for further citriculture development. In mainland China, only the presence of Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) has been reported from Etrog citron indexing, sPAGE (sequential polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) analysis (2), and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR (3). Three viroid-like RNAs, a1, b1, and d, based on sPAGE patterns were detected years ago in our laboratory in budsticks received from Sichuan Province. To identify different viroids and determine their distribution, a survey has been undertaken. Field trees showing stunting, bark scaling and cracking of the rootstock, and poor yield were tested using biological indexing and PCR for the most frequent citrus viroids. Samples from six trees of a local sweet orange variety and three of a Clementine variety introduced from abroad, both grafted on P. trifoliata and showing a variable degree of bark scaling and cracking, were collected near Changsha and in the County of Xin Ning at the end of summer 2006. Small pieces of bark were inserted in stems of young E. citron budwood grafted on rough lemon and maintained in a warm greenhouse (24 to 32°C). Indexing on E. citron showed mild epinasty and leaf roll typical of citrus viroid infections. To identify specific viroids, bark was ground to a fine powder with liquid nitrogen and total RNA was extracted with TRIZOL Reagent (Invitrogen, San Diego, CA) and tested by RT-PCR to detect CEVd, Hop Stunt viroid (HSVd), and Citrus viroid III (CVd-III), as well as to identify the cachexia variants of HSVd. Four primer pairs were used to test the RNA extracts by RT-PCR (1). All samples were infected by HSVd, eight with CVd-III, and six with CEVd. The cachexia variants of HSVd were detected in four of nine samples. Mixed infections were as follows: one sample had CEVd and HSVd, eight had HSVd and CVd-III, and five were infected by the three viroids. A second sampling 3 months after inoculation gave the same amplification patterns. The results show that at least three viroids are present in citrus orchards in Hunan Province. To our knowledge, this is the first report of cachexia variants of HSVd and CVd-III in China. The common occurrence of these viroids supports the need for proper indexing of mother trees and a specific shoot tip grafting program to create healthy budwood sources to provide healthy plants. References: (1) L. Bernard and N. Duran-Vila. Mol. Cell. Probes, 20:105, 2006. (2) L. Han et al. Viroids. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, 283, 2003. (3). Q. Hu et al. Acta Bot. Sin. 39:613, 1997.

Citrus exocortis viroid. [Distribution map].

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
New South ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro ◽  
Citrus Exocortis Viroid ◽  
South Wales ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Citrus exocortis viroid. Viroid: Pospiviroidae: Pospiviroid. Hosts: Citrus spp. and Trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Cyprus, France (Corsica), Italy (mainland Italy, Sardinia, Sicily), Portugal, Russia (European Russia), Serbia and Montenegro, Spain), Asia (China (Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Zhejiang), India (Delhi, Maharashtra, Pubjab), Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan (Honshu), Jordan, Korea Republic, Lebanon, Malaysia, Oman, Pakistan, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Vietnam, Yemen), Africa (Algeria, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Libya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Nigeria, Reunion, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Tunisia), North America (Mexico, USA (Arizona, California, Florida, Louisiana, Texas)), Central America and Caribbean (Cuba, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago), South America (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Sao Paulo), Chile, Colombia, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria), Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea).

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