Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection transmission in dental health care settings: Myths and facts

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Petti ◽  
Antonella Polimeni
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Health Care Settings ◽  
Dental Health Care ◽  
Aureus Infection

Prevention of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection: Is Europe Winning the Fight?

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (S1) ◽  
pp. S42-S44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc J. Struelens ◽  
Dominique L. Monnet
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Aureus Infection ◽  
Regulatory Changes ◽  
Targeted Screening

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common cause of disease across Europe, except for Scandinavian countries and the Netherlands. Recently, MRSA incidence has decreased in many European countries following national interventions, including structural and regulatory changes in health care, promotion of hand hygiene, antibiotic stewardship, and targeted screening, isolation, and decolonization of hospitalized carriers of MRSA.

scholarly journals Fluoroquinolone resistant mechanisms in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates in Cairo, Egypt

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 796-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasha A Hashem ◽  
Aymen S Yassin ◽  
Hamdallah H Zedan ◽  
Magdy A Amin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Persistent Problem ◽  
Health Care Settings

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a persistent problem in community and health care settings. Fluoroquinolones are among the drugs of choice used to treat MRSA infections. This study aims to identify different mechanisms of fluoroquinolne resistance in local MRSA random sampling isolates in Cairo, Egypt. Methodology: A total of 94 clinical isolates of S. aureus were collected from two major University hospitals in Cairo. Identification was confirmed by appropriate morphological, cultural, and biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined for all isolates. The possible involvement of efflux pumps in mediating fluoroquinolone resistance as well as changes in the quinolone resistance determining region (QRDR) of gyrA and gyrB genes were investigated Results: A total of 45 isolates were found to be MRSA, among which 26 isolates were found to be fluoroquinolone-resistant. The MIC values of the tested fluoroquinolones in the presence of the efflux pump inhibitors omeprazole and piperine were reduced. Measuring the uptake of ciprofloxacin upon the addition of the efflux pump inhibitor omeprazole, an increased level of accumulation was observed. Non-synonymous and silent mutations were detected in the QRDR of gyrA and gyrB genes. Conclusions: These results shed light on some of the resistance patterns of MRSA strains isolated from local health care settings in Cairo, Egypt. The resistance of these MRSA towards fluoroquinolones does not depend only on mutation in target genes; other mechanisms of resistance such as the permeability effect, efflux pumps and decreased availability of quinolones at the target site can also be involved.

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