Powered vs manual tooth brushing in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Emerging evidence has linked poor oral hygiene to metabolic syndrome (MetS), but previously, no summary of evidence has been conducted on the topic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the associations of oral hygiene status and care with MetS. A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception to March 17, 2021, and examination of reference lists was conducted to identify eligible observational studies. A random-effects model was applied to pool the effects of oral hygiene status and care on MetS. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and had sufficient methodological quality. Good oral hygiene status (OR = 0.30 (0.13–0.66); I2 = 91%), frequent tooth brushing (OR = 0.68 (0.58–0.80); I2 = 89%), and frequent interdental cleaning (OR = 0.89 (0.81–0.99); I2 = 27%) were associated with a lower risk of MetS. Only one study examined the association between dental visits and MetS (OR = 1.10 (0.77–1.55)). Our findings suggested that there might be inverse associations of oral hygiene status, tooth-brushing frequency, and interdental cleaning with MetS. However, substantial heterogeneity for tooth-brushing frequency and inconsistent results for oral hygiene status in subgroup analyses were observed. There was insufficient evidence for the association between dental visits and MetS. Further longitudinal studies are needed to investigate these associations.

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The antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine varnish onmutans streptococciin patients with fixed orthodontic appliances: a systematic review of clinical efficacy

International Journal of Dental Hygiene ◽

10.1111/idh.12163 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

X Tang ◽

ML Sensat ◽

JL Stoltenberg

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

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Effect of Fixed Orthodontic Treatment on Salivary Nickel and Chromium Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

Dentistry Journal ◽

10.3390/dj7010021 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammad Imani ◽

Hamid Mozaffari ◽

Mazaher Ramezani ◽

Masoud Sadeghi

Keyword(s):

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Orthodontic Appliances ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Fixed Orthodontic Appliances

Nickel and chromium ions released from fixed orthodontic appliances may act as allergens. This study aimed to systematically review the effect of fixed orthodontic treatment on salivary levels of these ions by doing a meta-analysis on cross-sectional and cohort studies. The Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and PubMed databases were searched for articles on salivary profile of nickel or chromium in patients under fixed orthodontic treatment published from January 1983 to October 2017. A random-effect meta-analysis was done using Review Manager 5.3 to calculate mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI), and the quality of questionnaire was evaluated by the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Fourteen studies were included and analyzed in this meta-analysis. Salivary nickel level was higher in periods of 10 min or less (MD = −11.5 µg/L, 95% CI = −16.92 to −6.07; P < 0.0001) and one day (MD = −1.38 µg/L, 95% CI = −1.97 to −0.80; P < 0.00001) after initiation of treatment compared to baseline (before the insertion of appliance). Salivary chromium level was higher in periods of one day (MD = −6.25 µg/L, 95% CI = −12.00 to −0.49; P = 0.03) and one week (MD = −2.07 µg/L, 95% CI = −3.88 to −0.26; P = 0.03) after the initiation of treatment compared to baseline. Corrosion of fixed orthodontic appliances leads to elevated salivary nickel and chromium concentrations early after initiation of orthodontic treatment. Randomized clinical trials controlling for factors affecting the saliva composition are recommended on a higher number of patients and among different ethnicities.

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