scholarly journals Predicting length of treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome in methadone-exposed neonates

2008 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 396.e1-396.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil S. Seligman ◽  
Nicole Salva ◽  
Edward J. Hayes ◽  
Kevin C. Dysart ◽  
Edward C. Pequignot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Length Of Treatment

scholarly journals Pharmacological Treatment for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome is Associated with Altered DNA Methylation and Neurobehavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Camerota ◽  
Jonathan M Davis ◽  
Lynne M. Dansereau ◽  
Erica L Oliveira ◽  
James F Padbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Oprm1 Gene ◽  
Cpg Sites ◽  
Length Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After

Objective: To determine whether pharmacological treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is associated with changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) of the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) and improvements in neonatal neurobehavior.Study Design: Buccal swabs were collected from 37 neonates before and after morphine treatment for NAS. Genomic DNA was extracted and DNAm was examined at four CpG sites within the OPRM1 gene. The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scales (NNNS) was also performed before and after NAS treatment. Changes in DNAm (DNAmpost-tx – DNAmpre-tx) and NNNS summary scores (NNNSpost-tx – NNNSpre-tx) were then calculated. Path analysis was used to examine associations among pharmacologic treatment (length of treatment and total dose of morphine), changes in DNAm, and changes in NNNS summary scores. Results: DNAm significantly decreased from pre- to post-treatment at 1 of 4 CpG sites within the OPRM1 gene. Neonates also demonstrated decreased excitability, hypertonia, lethargy, signs of stress and abstinence, and increased quality of movement and regulation from pre- to post-treatment. Increased length of treatment and higher morphine doses were associated with greater decreases in DNAm; greater decreases in DNAm were associated with greater decreases in excitability and hypertonia on the NNNS.Conclusions: Pharmacological treatment of NAS is associated with decreased DNAm of the OPRM1 gene and improved neonatal neurobehavior. Epigenetic changes may play a role in these changes in neonatal neurobehavior.

scholarly journals 253: Predicting length of treatment for neonatal abstinence syndrome in methadone exposed neonates

2007 ◽  
Vol 197 (6) ◽  
pp. S82
Author(s):  
Neil Seligman ◽  
Edward Hayes ◽  
Marie O’Neill ◽  
Benjamin Leiby ◽  
Jennifer Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Length Of Treatment

Maternal breast milk feeding and length of treatment in infants with neonatal abstinence syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 876-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T. Favara ◽  
David Carola ◽  
Erik Jensen ◽  
Alison Cook ◽  
Linda Genen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Length Of Treatment ◽  
Milk Feeding

scholarly journals Treatment of opioid withdrawal in neonates with morphine, phenobarbital, or chlorpromazine: a randomized double-blind trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Zimmermann ◽  
◽  
Christoph Rudin ◽  
Angelo Duò ◽  
Leonhard Held ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Morphine Group ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Blind Trial ◽  
Length Of Treatment ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Three suitable compounds (morphine, chlorpromazine, and phenobarbital) to treat neonatal abstinence syndrome were compared in a prospective multicenter, double-blind trial. Neonates exposed to opioids in utero were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups. When a predefined threshold of a modified Finnegan score was reached, treatment started and increased stepwise until symptoms were controlled. If symptoms could not be controlled with the predefined maximal dose of a single drug, a second drug was added. Among 143 infants recruited, 120 needed pharmacological treatment. Median length of treatment for morphine was 22 days (95% CI 18 to 33), for chlorpromazine 25 days (95% CI 21 to 34), and for phenobarbital 32 days (95% CI 27 to 38) (p = ns). In the morphine group, only 3% of infants (1/33) needed a second drug; in the chlorpromazine group, this proportion was 56% (24/43), and in the phenobarbital group 30% (13/44). Conclusion: None of the drugs tested for treating neonatal abstinence syndrome resulted in a significantly shorter treatment length than the others. As morphine alone was able to control symptoms in almost all infants, it may be preferred to the two other drugs but should still be tested against more potent opioids such as buprenorphine. Trial registration: At ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02810782 (registered retrospectively).What is Known:• Neonates exposed to opiates in utero and presenting with withdrawal symptoms should first be treated by non-pharmacological supportive measures.• In those who fail, drugs have to be given, but there is controversy which drug is best.What is New:• Among three candidates, morphine, chlorpromazine and phenobarbital, none resulted in significantly shorter treatment time.• As morphine alone was able to control symptoms in almost all infants, it may be preferred to the two other drugs.

Utilizing Accelerometers As a Novel Technology for Assessment of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 137 (Supplement 3) ◽  
pp. 197A-197A
Author(s):  
Katherine M. Somers ◽  
Ashley R. Taylor ◽  
Andrew Jung ◽  
Alfred Wicks ◽  
Andre A. Muelenaer
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Abstinence Syndrome ◽  
Novel Technology
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