scholarly journals Synergists action of piperonyl butoxide and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate on toxicity of carbamate insecticides against Blattella germanica

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 981-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Sanei Dehkordi ◽  
Yaser Salim Abadi ◽  
Hasan Nasirian ◽  
Teymour Hazratian ◽  
Mohammad Amin Gorouhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blattella Germanica ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Tributyl Phosphorotrithioate

Carbamate and organophosphate resistance in Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern France and the significance of Est-3A

1984 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Wood ◽  
N. Pasteur ◽  
G. Sinégre
Keyword(s):  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Organophosphate Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Component ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Fourth Larval Instar ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Tributyl Phosphorotrithioate

AbstractThree French strains of Culex pipiens L. were compared at the fourth larval instar for tolerance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, with and without the addition of synergists (the oxidase inhibitors piperonyl butoxide and CGA 84708) (a propynyl compound) and the carboxylesterase inhibitors triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (TBPT). The S54 strain was resistant to all the organophosphates tested (chlorpyrifos, malathion, monocrotophos and profenofos) compared to the susceptible LA VIS strain but only slightly tolerant to the two carbamates (carbaryl and naphthyl phenylcarbamate). The MAURIN strain was resistant to all the insecticides, including the carbamates, at a higher level. The action of chlorpyrifos and malathion on S54 was very strongly synergised by TBPT, less strongly by TPP and not at all by piperonyl butoxide. In fact, resistance was enhanced by piperonyl butoxide, as was resistance to monocrotophos and profenofos by CGA 84708. No synergist had much effect on the MAURIN strain, although TPP slightly increased the toxicity of malathion, and piperonyl butoxide and CGA 84708 slightly increased the toxicity of carbaryl. The toxic effect of carbaryl was also increased by the addition of extra acetone. Electrophoretic studies showed that the carboxylesterase enzyme coded by gene Est-20.64 (which is in linkage disequilibrium withEst-3A and acts as a marker for it) was absent from LA VIS but present in the resistant strains; but, whereas S54 was monomorphic for the gene, MAURIN was polymorphic (frequency 0·5). It is concluded that organophosphate resistance in S54 was due to detoxification by carboxylesterase wherease organophosphate and carbamate resistance in MAURIN had a strong non-metabolic component, possibly an insensitive acetylcholinesterase.

Insecticide resistance and synergism in field collected German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) in Peninsular Malaysia

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Lee ◽  
H. H. Yap ◽  
N. L. Chong ◽  
R. S. T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Blattella Germanica ◽  
German Cockroach ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Susceptible Strain ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide

AbstractTwelve strains of German cockroach, Blattella germanica (Linnaeus) were collected from various locations in Peninsular Malaysia and tested for their susceptibility to three groups of insecticides applied topically. The levels of resistance were low to high (2.8 to 92x) for carbamates (propoxur and bendiocarb), low (2.0 to 7.6x) for organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) and low to moderate (1.0 to 23x) for pyrethroids (cypermethrin and permethrin) when compared to a susceptible strain. Five strains, resistant to both cypermethrin and permethrin, were also resistant to DDT, phenothrin and deltamethrin. Propoxur resistance in ten strains was suppressed with the synergists, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributylphosphorotrithioate (DEFR), suggesting monooxygenase and esterase involvement in the resistance. However, the levels of resistance for cypermethrin and permethrin were not affected when using either PBO or DEFR.

CONTACT TOXICITY OF SOME PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE, TO INSECTICIDE-SUSCEPTIBLE AND PYRETHROID-RESISTANT STRAINS OF THE COLORADO POTATO BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE)

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 1173-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.R. Harris ◽  
S.A. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
A Minor

AbstractLaboratory tests showed that a Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), strain collected from potatoes on a farm near Sherbrooke, Quebec, and known in 1979 to be resistant to most recommended organochlorine, organophosphorus, and carbamate insecticides, also had developed 23- to 38-fold levels of resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides permethrin, fenvalerate, and cypermethrin by 1982. Piperonyl butoxide (PB) had only a minor effect on fenvalerate and deltamethrin toxicity to insecticide-susceptible CPB and on deltamethrin toxicity to pyrethroid-resistant CPB. However, PB effectively synergized fenvalerate in pyrethroid-resistant CPB, e.g. a 1:8 fenvalerate:PB mixture was 12-fold more toxic than fenvalerate alone.

Comparative study of resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in four strains of the Culex pipiens L. complex (Diptera: Culicidae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. H. Tang ◽  
R. J. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Esterase Activity ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Lower Sensitivity ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Carbamate Insecticides ◽  
High Production ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
General Esterase

AbstractFive strains of Culex pipiens L. (four resistant and one susceptible) were compared at the fourth larval instar for tolerance to organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides, with and without the addition of three synergists (piperonyl butoxide, triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithiote (TBPT)). The DAR/D strain from Tanzania showed the highest levels and broadest range of resistance (temephos 37 ×, malathion 579×, propoxur 3032× and permethrin 100×). A strain from Rangoon and two from France (S54, BLEUET) showed lower resistance, restricted to organophosphates. Temephos and malathion resistance in the RANGOON strain was strongly inhibited by TBPT but not by TPP or piperonyl butoxide. Temephos and permethrin resistance in the DAR/D strain was slightly inhibited by TBPT and permethrin resistance by piperonyl butoxide. The DAR/D, RANGOON and CfCA (susceptible) strains were also compared for general esterase activity and phosphatase activity, both of which were higher in the resistant strains. It is concluded that resistance in RANGOON is associated with high production of an esterase sensitive to inhibition by TBPT but with little or no sensitivity to TPP, resembling but not identical in properties with the enzyme in strain S54 investigated earlier. Resistance in DAR/D was also associated with some increase in esterase activity, but the basis of resistance was different from that in S54 and RANGOON, having a much lower sensitivity to inhibition by TBPT.

scholarly journals Effect of the synergists piperonyl butoxide and DEF in deltamethrin resistance on strains of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irineu Lorini ◽  
David J. Galley
Keyword(s):  
Filter Paper ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Deltamethrin Resistance ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Tributyl Phosphorotrithioate

Synergists are an important research tool in the laboratory to help to determine the mechanisms of resistance involved in a particular population. This kind of investigation has produced valuable results in understanding resistance to pesticides. The ability of these compounds in suppressing deltamethrin resistance on four strains of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) was evaluated under laboratory conditions. Two susceptible strains, obtained from the eighth generation in laboratory without any selection were tested; other two resistant strains consisted in the fifth deltamethrin selected generation. Each strain was bioassayed on filter paper impregnated with deltamethrin associated with a synergist in different proportions, following the methods recommended by FAO for assessing resistance. The synergists tested were piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), at the following proportions 1:0, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:15 of deltamethrin and the synergist, respectively. Both synergists showed a role in blocking enzymes involved in detoxifying deltamethrin. PBO conferred up to 27 times higher toxicity ratios in the resistant strains than in the susceptible ones. DEF was less effective in reducing the lethal dose of deltamethrin with ratios up to five times.

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