Mineral weathering and lessivage affect microbial community and enzyme activity in mountain soils

Abstract An artificial floating island is an ecological restoration technology that aims to create sustainable ecosystems and improve biodiversity. Aquatic plants play an important role in wastewater purification. The floating island system exploits the combination of aquatic plants, microorganisms, and extracellular enzymes to purify wastewater. We investigated the purification efficiency of eight aquatic plant species (Ceratophyllum demersum, Elodea nuttallii, Eichhornia crassipes, lris pseudacorus, lris sibirica, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Thalia dealbata and Oenanthe javanica) cultured in wastewater. The relationships of plant purification capacity with extracellular enzyme activity and microbial community were analyzed to explore the crucial factors that affect the plant purification capacity and the mechanism of pollutants removal in different plant systems. Three plant species, namely Oenanthe javanica, Thalia dealbata, and lris pseudacorus, were the most effective for purification of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N), total phosphate (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) with maximum efficiencies of 76.09%, 85.87%, and 89.10%, respectively. Urease, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and β-glucosidase activities were significantly and positively correlated with root system development (P < 0.05). Activities of urease and AP were positively correlated with NH4+-N and TP removal, respectively. The magnitude of urease and AP activity was generally consistent with the plant’s capacity to remove NH4+-N and TP. β-Glucosidase activity and COD removal were not significantly correlated. The dominant microbial phylum in each species treatment was Proteobacteria. Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidia showed > 1% relative abundance and greater involvement in degradation of pollutants in the experimental system. The results provide a scientific and theoretical basis for improvement of the plant purification efficiency of artificial floating island systems.

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Changes in soil microbial community structure and enzyme activity with amendment of biochar-manure compost and pyroligneous solution in a saline soil from Central China

European Journal of Soil Biology ◽

10.1016/j.ejsobi.2015.07.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 67-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Haifei Lu ◽

Muhammad Siddique Lashari ◽

Xiaoyu Liu ◽

Haishi Ji ◽

Lianqing Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Saline Soil ◽

Central China ◽

Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Manure Compost

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Dynamic characteristics and co-occurrence patterns of microbial community in tobacco leaves during the 24-month aging process

Annals of Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s13213-021-01620-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jiaxi Zhou ◽

Lifei Yu ◽

Jian Zhang ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Xiao Zou

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Network Analysis ◽

Fungal Community ◽

Aging Process ◽

Microbial Community Composition ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Opposite Pattern ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Tobacco Leaves

Abstract Purpose Microorganisms are important in tobacco aging. These are used to improve the quality of tobacco leaves after threshing and redrying. However, the response of microbial community to the storage environment and time during the tobacco aging process has been less explored. This study aimed to characterize the dynamic changes in microbial community composition and diversity in tobacco leaf samples. Methods In this study, 16S and ITS rRNA gene amplicon sequencing techniques were used to characterize the composition, diversity, and co-occurrence of the microbial community in tobacco leaves stored in two different cities during the 24-month aging. Furthermore, the activities of several enzymes were measured spectrophotometrically, and the correlation between the microbiota and enzyme activity was analyzed by network analysis. Results Shannon diversity and Chao richness of bacterial communities gradually increased during the first 18 months, whereas those of the fungal community decreased. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased, whereas that of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes increased. The proportion of Ascomycota gradually increased during the first 18 months and then rapidly decreased, whereas the proportion of Basidiomycota exhibited a completely opposite pattern. The change in the composition of bacterial community and dominant genera in leaves was not significant between Guiyang city and Maotai city storerooms, but that in the fungal community was significant. The network analysis revealed that fungal networks were more complex and compact than bacterial networks, and a strong negative correlation existed between bacteria and fungi. Moreover, the bacterial microbiome showed a strong positive association with amylase activity, while the fungal microbiome positively correlated with cellulase activity. Conclusions This study demonstrated a significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the composition of the microbial community during tobacco aging and highlighted the possible influence of the interactions and enzyme activity on microbial diversity and composition. The findings provided a scientific basis for using microorganisms to regulate and control tobacco aging.

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