Effects of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol on Coronary Artery Calcification Progression According to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Young Lee ◽  
Ji Hyun Kim ◽  
Se Eun Park ◽  
Cheol-young Park ◽  
Ki-won Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Treatment Effect of Niaspan, a Controlled-release Niacin, in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia: A Placebo-controlled Trial

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Morgan ◽  
David M. Capuzzi ◽  
John R. Guyton ◽  
Robert M. Centor ◽  
Ronald Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Background The present study was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of Niaspan (Kos Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Hollywood, FL), a new controlled-release formulation of niacin, in the treatment of primary hyperlipidemia, the occurrence and severity of flushing events, and potential adverse effects, particularly hepatotoxicity. Methods and Results The study was conducted as a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel comparison of Niaspan in doses of 1000 mg/day and 2000 mg/day, administered once a day at bedtime. One hundred twenty-two patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels > 4.14 mM/L (160 mg/dL) with dietary intervention and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤ 1.81 mM/L (70 mg/dL) were randomized to one of three treatment groups: placebo, and 1000 mg/day or 2000 mg/day of Niaspan. Safety and efficacy measures included 12-hour serum fasting lipid and lipoprotein concentrations, serum analyte levels for major organ function, flushing diaries, and adverse event records. The placebo group demonstrated no significant changes in serum lipoprotein concentrations over the treatment period of 12 weeks, except for a slight 4% increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Niaspan significantly lowered low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 6% and 14% for the 1000 mg/day and 2000 mg/day doses, respectively. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels rose significantly, with a 17% increase occurring at the 1000 mg/day dose and a 23% increase occurring at the 2000 mg/day dose. Niaspan (2000 mg/day) produced significant decreases of 27% and 29%, respectively, for serum lipoprotein(a) and triglyceride concentration. Although the incidence of flushing was significant, these episodes were generally well tolerated. Conclusion Niaspan administered in doses of 1000 mg/day and 2000 mg/day at bedtime were well tolerated with few side effects and produced favorable effects on the major circulating lipoproteins of patients with primary dyslipidemias as specified by the enrollment criteria.

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of obstructive coronary artery disease beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in non-diabetic individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 706-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Giun Kim ◽  
Young-Rak Cho ◽  
Gyung-Min Park ◽  
Ki-Bum Won ◽  
Soe H Ann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Artery Disease

Aims The relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the severity of coronary artery disease beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the primary target of cholesterol-lowering therapy, remains uncertain. We evaluated the association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and obstructive coronary artery disease using parameters of any obstructive plaque, obstructive plaque in the left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery, and obstructive plaque in multi-vessels, according to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Methods and results We analyzed 5130 asymptomatic non-diabetics who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography for general health examination. Obstructive plaque was defined as a plaque with ≥50% luminal diameter stenosis. The participants were divided into three groups based on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of ≤129, 130–159, and ≥160 mg/dl. The prevalence of any obstructive plaque (5.9% vs 6.4% vs 10.6%) and obstructive plaque in the left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery (2.1% vs 2.1% vs 4.3%) significantly increased with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol category (all p < 0.05). Compared with subjects with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥40 mg/dl, those with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level <40 mg/dl had a significantly higher prevalence of any obstructive plaque (10.4% vs 5.1%), obstructive plaque in the left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery (3.6% vs 1.8%), and obstructive plaque in multi-vessels (4.3% vs 1.1%), only in the group with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤129 mg/dl (all p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were associated with a reduced risk of all obstructive coronary artery disease parameters only in the group with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤129 mg/dl (all p < 0.05). Conclusion Increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were independently associated with a lower risk of obstructive coronary artery disease in asymptomatic non-diabetics with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

scholarly journals Association between the consumption of antioxidant nutrients with lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisse Monteles NASCIMENTO ◽  
Keila Rejane Oliveira GOMES ◽  
Marcio Denis Medeiros MASCARENHAS ◽  
Cassio Eduardo Soares MIRANDA ◽  
Telma Maria Evangelista de ARAÚJO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed at validating the associations between the consumption of antioxidant nutrients as well as lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risks in adolescents. Methods This cross-sectional study included 327 adolescents aged 14-19 years. Sociodemographic and dietary information, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and biochemical data were obtained. Cardiometabolic risk was calculated by aggregating the risk factors, which were expressed as the sum of Z-scores. Poisson regression was performed to estimate the prevalence ratios. Results In boys, low intake of zinc was associated with elevated total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, whereas it was associated with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels in girls, thus indicating a cardiometabolic risk. Furthermore, low intake of copper was associated with high triglyceride levels and cardiometabolic risk in girls. The high prevalence ratios of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol levels and cardiometabolic risk were higher in those with low intake of vitamin A. Among girls, associations were also observed between lower intake of vitamin A and high triglyceride levels. Low intake of vitamin C among boys was associated with elevated high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Among girls, the intake of this vitamin was associated with lower low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. In girls, low intake of vitamin E was associated with low low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high total cholesterol levels. Conclusion The associations between antioxidant micronutrients as well as lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risk emphasize the importance of encouraging the consumption of foods that are rich in these nutrients to modulate lipid alterations and cardiometabolic risk.

Is There Evidence-based Hypolipidemic Treatment with Clinical Benefit beyond Statins?

Angiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios S. Goumas
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Levels

Aggressive therapy with statins to lower the low density lipoprotein cholesterol decreases cardiovascular events. Nevertheless, administration of the highest approved statin dose only offers limited additional benefit at the expense of an increased incidence of side effects. Therefore, novel compounds that further reduce the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and at the same time have beneficial effects on other lipid parameters when added to statin therapy are under investigation. Nicotinic acid lowers the levels of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides while raising the concentration of the protective high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A significant inverse association exists between long-term intake of ω-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular mortality; these fish oils lower serum triglycerides levels. Fibrates substantially decrease triglycerides, increase high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and modestly decrease low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Ezetimibe selectively inhibits cholesterol absorption in the gut. Combined therapy with ezetimibe and a statin provides an incremental reduction in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

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