An Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Stress on Saving and Acquiring Behavioral Tendencies: The Role of Distress Tolerance and Negative Urgency

Trait impulsivity has long been proposed to play a role in aggression, but the results across studies have been mixed. One possible explanation for the mixed results is that impulsivity is a multifaceted construct and some, but not all, facets are related to aggression. The goal of the current meta-analysis was to determine the relation between the different facets of impulsivity (i.e., negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and sensation seeking) and aggression. The results from 93 papers with 105 unique samples (N = 36, 215) showed significant and small-to-medium correlations between each facet of impulsivity and aggression across several different forms of aggression, with more impulsivity being associated with more aggression. Moreover, negative urgency (r = .24, 95% [.18, .29]), positive urgency (r = .34, 95% [.19, .44]), and lack of premeditation (r = .23, 95% [.20, .26]) had significantly stronger associations with aggression than the other scales (rs < .18). Two-stage meta-analytic structural equation modeling showed that these effects were not due to overlap among facets of impulsivity. These results help advance the field of aggression research by clarifying the role of impulsivity and may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in several disciplines.

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The Role of Angry Rumination and Distress Tolerance in the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Borderline Trait

The Journal of Humanities and Social sciences 21 ◽

10.22143/hss21.10.6.23 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 309-324

Author(s):

Esther Ryu ◽

Seongjin Yoo

Keyword(s):

Childhood Trauma ◽

Distress Tolerance ◽

Angry Rumination ◽

The Relationship

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An Experimental Investigation of Auditors' Liability: Implications for Social Welfare and Exploration of Deviations from Theoretical Predictions

The Accounting Review ◽

10.2308/accr.2000.75.4.429 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 429-451 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ronald R. King ◽

Rachel Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Social Welfare ◽

Strict Liability ◽

Liability Rule ◽

Optimal Response ◽

Legal Regimes ◽

Theoretical Predictions ◽

Best Responses

This paper reports the results of an experiment designed to investigate how legal regimes affect social welfare. We investigate four legal regimes, each consisting of a liability rule (strict or negligence) and a damage measure (out-of-pocket or independent-of-investment). The results of the experiment are for the most part consistent with the qualitative predictions of Schwartz's (1997) model; however, subjects' actual choices deviate from the point predictions of the model. We explore whether these deviations arise because: (1) subjects form faulty anticipations of their counterparts' actions and/or (2) subjects do not choose the optimal responses given their anticipations. We find that subjects behave differently under the four regimes in terms of anticipation errors and departures from best responses. For example, subjects playing the role of auditors anticipate investments most accurately under the regime with strict liability combined with out-of-pocket damages, but are least likely to choose the optimal response given their anticipations. This finding implies that noneconomic factors likely play a role in determining subjects' choices.

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The Role of Emotional Distress Tolerance on Fear Responding in a Heights-Fearful Sample: Perceived Versus Actual Behavior

Behavior Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.beth.2020.12.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amber L. Billingsley ◽

Shari A. Steinman

Keyword(s):

Emotional Distress ◽

Distress Tolerance ◽

Actual Behavior

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How Do Intermediaries Affect the Effectiveness of the Four-Eyes-Principle? An Experimental Investigation

The B E Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy ◽

10.1515/bejeap-2019-0059 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Liangcong Fan ◽

Zechun Ying ◽

Yuemei Yuan ◽

Xinchao Zhang ◽

Bin Xu

Keyword(s):

Experimental Investigation ◽

Active Role ◽

Positive Effect

Abstract Corrupt deals are commonly arranged by intermediaries. However, attempts to deter corruption pay little attention to the role of intermediaries in corrupt deals. This paper reports a laboratory bribery experiment on corruption designed to investigate how intermediaries with information about the lowest bribe that the official is willing to accept in a briber-initiated corrupt deal affect the effectiveness of the four-eyes-principle (FEP) on deterring corruption. We find that the introduction of the FEP significantly decreases the corruption level by increasing uncertainty. However, the presence of intermediaries with information completely offsets the positive effect of introducing the FEP on preventing corruption. Our findings suggest that further research on corruption should allow a more active role of intermediaries, and legislators should take the role of intermediaries into account when designing anti-corruption mechanisms.

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