The effect of larval predators Thanasimus dubius (Coleoptera: Cleridae), produced by an improved system of rearing, against the southern pine beetle Dendroctonus frontalis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Costa ◽  
John D. Reeve
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

Extended Development in Thanasimus dubius (F.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), a Predator of the Southern Pine Beetle

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Reeve ◽  
John A. Simpson ◽  
Jonny S. Fryar
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Important Predator ◽  
Emergence Traps ◽  
Major Pest

Thanasimus dubius (F.) is an important predator of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, a major pest of pine forests in the southern United States. We examined the development of T. dubius in the field using emergence traps, and by sampling the bark of trees previously attacked by D. frontalis. Over a 2-year period, several distinct episodes of T. dubius emergence occurred in trees enclosed by emergence traps, and bark sampling of other trees uncovered many T. dubius immatures almost 2 years after attack by D. frontalis. These results indicate that T. dubius development may be significantly longer and more variable under natural conditions than previously thought, and suggest that some individuals may undergo a diapause.

Differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis, on Pinus palustris and Pinus taeda

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1427-1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Friedenberg ◽  
Brenda M. Whited ◽  
Daniel H. Slone ◽  
Sharon J. Martinson ◽  
Matthew P. Ayres
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pinus Palustris ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

Patterns of host use by herbivore pests can have serious consequences for natural and managed ecosystems but are often poorly understood. Here, we provide the first quantification of large differential impacts of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, on loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., and longleaf pine, Pinus palustris P. Mill., and evaluate putative mechanisms for the disparity. Spatially extensive survey data from recent epidemics indicate that, per square kilometre, stands of loblolly versus longleaf pine in four forests (380–1273 km2) sustained 3–18 times more local infestations and 3–116 times more tree mortality. Differences were not attributable to size or age structure of pine stands. Using pheromone-baited traps, we found no differences in the abundance of dispersing D. frontalis or its predator Thanasimus dubius Fabricius between loblolly and longleaf stands. Trapping triggered numerous attacks on trees, but the pine species did not differ in the probability of attack initiation or in the surface area of bark attacked by growing aggregations. We found no evidence for postaggregation mechanisms of discrimination or differential success on the two hosts, suggesting that early colonizers discriminate between host species before a pheromone plume is present.

PREDATORY BEHAVIOR OF THE CLERID BEETLE THANASIMUS DUBIUS (COLEOPTERA: CLERIDAE) ON THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Frazier ◽  
T. E. Nebeker ◽  
R. F. Mizell ◽  
W. H. Calvert
Keyword(s):  
Handling Time ◽  
Predatory Behavior ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine Beetles ◽  
Pine Beetles

AbstractThe behavior of adults of clerid beetle Thanasimus dubius (F.) preying upon adult southern pine beetles, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman, in an arena in the laboratory is described by classifying the acts according to their consequences. A sequence of five stereotyped acts is performed by the predator: either searching or ambush, seizure of prey, alignment of prey, consumption of prey, and grooming. Handling time by the predator consists of the sums of the durations of the four acts of seizure through grooming, which was not significantly different for male and female predators, but was significantly longer for male prey (13.81 min) than for female prey (10.49 min). Consumption of prey (8–9 min) is the major component of handling time. Predators searched or waited in ambush an average of 5.8 mm before seizing a prey, and captured prey with an efficiency of 72%. Blinding predators had no significant effect on their efficiency at capturing prey. Maxillary and labial palpectomy alone or in combination significantly reduced efficiency of capture, and reduced numbers of prey consumed.

Enantiospecific responses of southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis) and its clerid predator, Thanasimus dubius, to α-pinene

Chemoecology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny C. Staeben ◽  
Brian T. Sullivan ◽  
John T. Nowak ◽  
Kamal J. K. Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

WITHIN-TREE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PUPAE OF THANASIMUS DUBIUS (COLEOPTERA: CLERIDAE), A PREDATOR OF THE SOUTHERN PINE BEETLE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (5) ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell F. Mizell ◽  
T. Evan Nebeker
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Tree Distribution ◽  
Pine Beetle

AbstractRegression models of the form lnY = b0 + b1ln(X−c) + b2X are presented that describe the within-tree distribution of the pupae of Thanasimus dubius (F.), a clerid predator of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm. More T. dubius pupae/100 cm2 of bark area were found in loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., than in shortleaf pine, P. echinata Miller, and the number increased with increasing tree diameter class. Peak densities were found at a height of 1–4 m.

scholarly journals Contrasting Competitor and Predator Responses to a Short-Lived Southern Pine Beetle Outbreak: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R Clarke ◽  
Jessica Hartshorn
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemy ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Thanasimus Dubius ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Pine Beetle

Abstract The southern pine beetle (SPB) Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann, is the most important insect pest of pines in the southeastern United States, with outbreaks often resulting in thousands of hectares of pine mortality. Natural enemies and competitors have been cited as significant regulators of SPB populations and, therefore, outbreaks. A recent outbreak on the Homochitto National Forest (NF) in Mississippi provided an opportunity to undertake a case study comparing population fluctuations of SPB, its major predator Thanasimus dubius, and its competitors, Ips bark beetles. Trap catches of all three were tracked through the course of the outbreak on the Homochitto NF as well as in two other forests with low or no SPB activity. The number of predators collected initially increased on the Homochitto NF in response to the SPB outbreak, but their impact on reducing infestation numbers was unclear. Numbers of Ips trapped were similar across all three forests, indicating that other factors were regulating SPB populations. The outbreak only lasted a single year, and its brevity likely limited the availability of host resources for natural enemy and competitor populations. Additional studies are warranted to explore the mechanisms affecting the extent and duration of SPB outbreaks, such as active forest management. Study Implications: The widespread application of cut-and-leave treatments during a short duration southern pine beetle (SPB) outbreak on the Homochitto National Forest did not result in immediate increased collections of Ips bark beetles, competitors of SPB. Similar population trends of Ips bark beetles in areas with and without SPB infestations suggest that other factors, such as climate, regulate population numbers. Low numbers of the main SPB predator, Thanasimus dubius, immediately preceded an outbreak, and trap collections increased after outbreak onset, reaffirming the importance of this natural enemy in SPB population fluctuations.

scholarly journals Effects of Subzero Fahrenheit Temperatures on Southern Pine Beetle Populations in the Southern Appalachians

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iral Ragenovich
Keyword(s):  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Appalachians ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Winter Temperatures

Abstract Several areas throughout the southern Appalachians were sampled to determine the extent of southern pine beetle (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmerman) brood mortality following a winter with subzero (F°) temperatures. Although 95-percent brood mortality may occur, results suggest that low winter temperatures may not be the sole reason for the decline of a southern pine beetle outbreak.

SPBCMP—A Program to Assess the Likelihood of Major Changes in the Distribution of the Southern Pine Beetle

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Michaels ◽  
David E. Sappington ◽  
Philip J. Stenger
Keyword(s):  
Computing System ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Pine Beetle

Abstract A statistical model has been developed that relates percentage change in the large area coverage of southern pine beetle outbreaks (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimm.) to temperature and moisture status indices. It is applicable over the entire range of epidemic outbreaks during the last quarter-century. The interactive computer program, SPBCMP, can be used to assess the likelihood of major changes in coverage several months prior to the period of maximum activity. SPBCMP requires only location and four easily accessed climatic parameters. Climatic data for these driving variables can be supplied by the user obtained from a file maintained on the University of Virginia Academic Computing System. The program instructs the user on how to access that data. An additional feature of SPBCMP is that it allows for sensitivity analyses based on weather scenarios for upcoming months. South. J. Appl. For. 10:158-61, Aug. 1986.

CARBOHYDRATES OF INNER BARK OF PINUS TAEDA AS AFFECTED BY DENDROCTONUS FRONTALIS AND ASSOCIATED MICROORGANISMS

1969 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Barras ◽  
John D. Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Dendroctonus Frontalis ◽  
Southern Pine Beetle ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Inner Bark ◽  
Pine Beetle

AbstractGlucose, fructose, and sucrose were the only sugars detected in inner bark treated with a southern pine beetle–microorganism complex and two beetle-associated fungi. Treatments drastically lowered the reducing-sugar level. Storage of untreated bolts had no effect on reducing-sugar level; sucrose was lowered but not as much as in treated tissue. Starch content remained unchanged in all treatments.

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