Catalyst-free fatty acid methyl ester production from wet activated sludge under subcritical water and methanol condition

Biodiesel adalah alkil ester dari rantai panjang asam lemak yang berasal dari bahan lemak seperti nabati atau lemak binatang. Biodiesel merupakan bahan bakar diesel alternatif dari bahan mentah yang dapat diperbaharui. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persentase katalis NaOH pada pembuatan biodiesel dari lemak ayam terhadap penurunan persentase free fatty acid (FFA), nilai densitas, yield, dan persentase fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) dengan proses transesterifikasi. Bahan baku yang digunakan berupa lemak ayam yang didapatkan dari pedagang ayam di “Pasar Pagi Kota Samarinda”. Kondisi operasi dari proses transesterifikasi pembuatan biodiesel yaitu temperatur 60° C, kecepatan pengadukan pada skala 5, waktu transesterifikasi 75 menit, serta rasio molar perbandingan minyak ayam dan metanol adalah 1:6. Variasi katalis yang digunakan yaitu 0,25 %, 0,5 %, 0,75 %, 1 %, 1,25 % yang dilakukan secara duplo. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penurunan FFA terbesar yaitu pada variasi katalis 1% sebesar 2,7164%, densitas seluruh sampel sesuai dengan SNI yaitu 850-890 kg/m3, yield terbesar yaitu pada variasi katalis 0,25% dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 77,395 %, serta kadar FAME yang dihasilkan pada persentase katalis 1% adalah sebesar 45,1679 %.Kata kunci: biodiesel, lemak ayam, katalis, transesterifikasi, duplo.

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Biodegradation of 2-sulfonato fatty acid methyl ester (?-SFMe): Identification of microorganisms isolated from activated sludge and their capability for degrading ?-SFMe

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s002530050421 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 379-382 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Masuda ◽

H. Odake ◽

K. Miura ◽

K. Oba

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Activated Sludge ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl

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Effect of Free Fatty Acid Pretreatment to Yield, Composition and Activation Energy in Chemical Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.34492 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 592

Author(s):

Nor Saadah Mohd Alias ◽

Harumi Veny ◽

Fazlena Hamzah ◽

Noorhaliza Aziz

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Free Fatty Acid ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Acid Methyl Ester ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Ester Synthesis ◽

Acid Methyl

Transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) for fatty acid methyl ester synthesis using calcium oxide (CaO) as a catalyst with absence and presence of free fatty acid (FFA) pretreatment (untreated and pretreated) prior to reaction have been investigated. The preliminary study was started from theoretical stoichiometric amount molar ratio of methanol to oil. This preliminary experiment showed that indeed, in transesterification with the chemical catalyst the molar ratio of methanol to oil should be exceeding the theoretical stoichiometric molar ratio, due to the fast reversible reaction. The highest FAME content of 81% was achieved at a temperature of 75 °C with pretreated FFA. The composition of methyl ester with pretreated FFA was affected by temperature, where increasing temperature leads to increasing of methyl oleate as major methyl ester in the product. The relation of temperature dependence was further studied by Arrhenius law correlation. It is shown that activation energy was affected by pretreatment of fatty acid. The activation energy (Ea) of transesterification with untreated and pretreated free fatty acid were found as ± 16 kJ/mol and ± 68 kJ/mol, respectively. Unlike untreated FFA, the Ea of transesterification with pretreated FFA was within the range of activation energy for transesterification for the base catalyst. This study showed that methyl ester synthesis was best obtained when FFA was pretreated prior to transesterification. In addition, WCO is a potential feedstock for biodiesel production since it is biodegradable, economic, environmentally friendly and abundantly available.

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