Constitutive activity of glycogen synthase kinase-3β: Positive regulation of steady-state levels of insulin receptor substrates-1 and -2 in adrenal chromaffin cells

2006 ◽  
Vol 1110 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Nemoto ◽  
Hiroki Yokoo ◽  
Shinya Satoh ◽  
Toshihiko Yanagita ◽  
Takashi Sugano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Constitutive Activity ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3Β ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Positive Regulation ◽  
Insulin Receptor Substrates ◽  
Steady State Levels ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin

Morphological Observations on the Granule Types in Rabbit Extra-Adrenal Chromaffin Cells.

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 318-319
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Robert D. Yates
Keyword(s):  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Osmic Acid ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Perfusion Fluid ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Adrenal Chromaffin

Extra-adrenal chromaffin organs (abdominal paraganglia) constitute rich sources of catecholamines. It is believed that these bodies contain norepinephrine exclusively. However, the present workers recently observed epinephrine type granules in para- ganglion cells. This report investigates catecholamine containing granules in rabbit paraganglia at the ultrastructural level.New Zealand white rabbits (150-170 grams) were anesthetized with 50 mg/kg Nembutal (IP) and perfused with 3% glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.2M sodium phosphate, pH 7.3. The retroperitoneal tissue blocks were removed and placed in perfusion fluid for 4 hours. The abdominal paraganglia were dissected from the blocks, diced, washed in phosphate buffer and fixed in 1% osmic acid buffered with phosphate. In other animals, the glutaraldehyde perfused tissue blocks were immersed for 1 hour in 3% glutaraldehyde/2.5% potassium iodate buffered as before. The paraganglia were then diced, separated into two vials and washed in the buffer. A portion of this tissue received osmic acid fixation.

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