tau phosphorylation
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryota Tsukui ◽  
Tomoko Yamamoto ◽  
Yukinori Okamura ◽  
Yoichiro Kato ◽  
Noriyuki Shibata

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Li-Na Zhang ◽  
Meng-Jie Li ◽  
Ying-Hui Shang ◽  
Yun-Ru Liu ◽  
Huang Han-Chang ◽  
...  

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) characterized by neurofibrillary tangles caused by hyperphosphorylated tau is the most common cause of dementia. Zeaxanthin (Zea), derived from fruits and vegetables, may reduce the risk of AD. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) might cause memory impairment in AD. Objective: Here, we studied protective role of Zea on the relationship among ERS, activity of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β, tau phosphorylated kinase), and p-Tau (Ser 396 and Thr 231). Methods: The results were obtained in non-RA and RA group by using different treatment, such as 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA), TM (ERS inducer), Zea, 4-PBA (ERS inhibitor), and SB216763 (GSK-3β inhibitor). The methods included flow cytometry and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] for the detections of cell cycle and cell viability and western blot as a third measure of proteins in relation to ERS and tau phosphorylation. We have collected and analyzed all the data that suggested application of drugs for the treatment in non-RA and RA group. Results: Zea displays its protection on TM-induced cell injury, upregulation of GRP78 expression, and change of GSK-3β activity and tau phosphorylation when 4-PBA and SB216763 interfere with the process. Conclusion: These studies indicated that Zea is in vicious circle in ERS, GSK-3β, and tau phosphorylation, and further reflect its potential value in AD.


2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Pol Andrés-Benito ◽  
Margarita Carmona ◽  
Mónica Jordán ◽  
Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen ◽  
Enrique Santamaría ◽  
...  

Several studies have demonstrated the different characteristics of tau seeding and spreading following intracerebral inoculation in murine models of tau-enriched fractions of brain homogenates from AD and other tauopathies. The present study is centered on the importance of host tau in tau seeding and the molecular changes associated with the transformation of host tau into abnormal tau. The brains of three adult murine genotypes expressing different forms of tau—WT (murine 4Rtau), hTau (homozygous transgenic mice knock-out for murine tau protein and heterozygous expressing human forms of 3Rtau and 4Rtau proteins), and mtWT (homozygous transgenic mice knock-out for murine tau protein)—were analyzed following unilateral hippocampal inoculation of sarkosyl-insoluble tau fractions from the same AD and control cases. The present study reveals that (a) host tau is mandatory for tau seeding and spreading following tau inoculation from sarkosyl-insoluble fractions obtained from AD brains; (b) tau seeding does not occur following intracerebral inoculation of sarkosyl-insoluble fractions from controls; (c) tau seeding and spreading are characterized by variable genotype-dependent tau phosphorylation and tau nitration, MAP2 phosphorylation, and variable activation of kinases that co-localize with abnormal tau deposits; (d) transformation of host tau into abnormal tau is an active process associated with the activation of specific kinases; (e) tau seeding is accompanied by modifications in tau splicing, resulting in the expression of new 3Rtau and 4Rtau isoforms, thus indicating that inoculated tau seeds have the capacity to model exon 10 splicing of the host mapt or MAPT with a genotype-dependent pattern; (e) selective regional and cellular vulnerabilities, and different molecular compositions of the deposits, are dependent on the host tau of mice injected with identical AD tau inocula.


Author(s):  
Shan He ◽  
Wei-Bing Peng ◽  
Xian-Jun Fu ◽  
Hong-Lei Zhou ◽  
Zhen-Guo Wang

Author(s):  
Z. Faidon Brotzakis ◽  
Philip R. Lindstedt ◽  
Ross J. Taylor ◽  
Dillon J. Rinauro ◽  
Nicholas C. T. Gallagher ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 112725
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Junxiang Wang ◽  
Yuan-Liang Wang ◽  
Zhousong Luo ◽  
Chunyan Zheng ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (S5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Sato ◽  
Nipun Mallipeddi ◽  
Nupur Ghoshal ◽  
Brenton A. Wright ◽  
Gregory S. Day ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin S. Latimer ◽  
C. Dirk Keene ◽  
Brian C Kraemer ◽  
Nicole F Liachko

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