scholarly journals Involvement of organelles and inter-organellar signaling in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 associated neurocognitive disorder and Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 1722 ◽  
pp. 146389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabab Khan ◽  
Norman J. Haughey ◽  
Avindra Nath ◽  
Jonathan D. Geiger
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Hiv 1

Case Studies in Dementia-Related Anxiety

GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Molly Maxfield ◽  
Jennifer R. Roberts ◽  
JoAnna Dieker
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Disease Case ◽  
Negative Perceptions

Abstract. Two clients seeking neuropsychological assessment reported anxiety about their cognitive status. We review the cases to increase our understanding of factors contributing to dementia-related anxiety. Case 1 met the criteria for mild neurocognitive disorder; the client’s memory was impaired, and she had a high genetic risk for Alzheimer’s disease. The client reported anxiety about negative perceptions of quality of life among individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Case 2 did not meet the criteria for a neurocognitive disorder. Anxiety about this client’s cognitive status appeared attributable to generalized anxiety disorder, given his anxiety about diverse topics. Both clients reported embarrassment about forgetfulness and social withdrawal. Dementia-related anxiety is believed to be relatively common, to exist on a continuum, to have unique social implications, and to stem from various sources, necessitating differing interventions.

scholarly journals Effects of depression on cognition of patients with mild neurocognitive disorder due to possible Alzheimer’s disease

2017 ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Charles Ysaacc Da Silva Rodrigues ◽  
Paula Carvalho Figueiredo ◽  
Hidekel Quino Montes ◽  
Marta Gruart Vila
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Mild Neurocognitive Disorder

Objetivo: Identificar el nivel de relación entre la depresión y las funciones cognitivas del enfermo de Alzheimer en fase inicial. Cuadro teórico: La depresión es factor de riesgo para las demencias y consecuentemente para la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), debido a la pérdida de memoria, que tiende a asociarse con dificultades de orientación, de aprendizaje y reconocimiento. Metodología: Participaron en esta investigación un total de 142 adultos mayores divididos en dos grupos, con y sin diagnóstico clínico de Alzheimer y depresión. Los participantes fueron evaluados a través de la aplicación del Inventario de Depresión de Beck II (BDI-II), y el Mini Mental (MME) de Folstein. Resultados: Se encontraron efectos estadísticamente significativos entre cognición y depresión en adultos mayores con EA, en fase inicial. Conclusiones: Se concluye que existe una alta posibilidad de cambios cognoscitivos del enfermo con Alzheimer, cuando su enfermedad se encuentra asociada a la depresión. Además, los resultados apuntan a la cognición como factor responsable de las alteraciones conductuales del enfermo, como consecuencia del empeoramiento de la depresión.  

Rationale for combination therapy with galantamine and memantine in alzheimer’s disease: the efficacy of treatment of addition

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 507-507
Author(s):  
J. Zarra
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms

ObjectiveThe efficacy, safety, and tolerability of nootropic cholinergic agent: GALANTAMINE (with a dual mechanism of action on the cholinergic a system) and moderate affinity NMDA- receptor antagonist: MEMANTINE, were assessed taking into account the profile of patients with neurocognitive disorder: Alzheimer's disease, from the clinical aspects and the different classifications.MethodsThe experience included 428 patients who were enrolled in a prospective, observational, multicenter, and open-label study to receive 16 mg/day of galantamine and 30 mg/day of memantine for 12 months of treatment of addition.ResultsThe therapeutic response was measured using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-GOG), Functional Activities Questionnaire(FAQ) the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI) and the UKU scale of adverse effectstaking into account the efficacy, safety and adverse events of the treatment.The final results of the study showed that galantamine with addition memantine improves cognition, behavioural symptoms, and the general well-being of patients with cognitive impairment: Alzheimer's disease. The incidence of adverse events was not significant and a very good profile of tolerability and safety was observed.ConclusionAt the conclusion of this session, the participant should be able to demonstrate with use the association memantine - galatamine in neurocognitive disorder: Alzheimer's disease, improve cognition, behavioural symptoms, and the general state recognized as neurocognitive disorder.

scholarly journals Abundance of Nef and p-Tau217 in Brains of Individuals Diagnosed with HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders Correlate with Disease Severance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Pushkarsky ◽  
Adam Ward ◽  
Andrey Ivanov ◽  
Xionghao Lin ◽  
Dmitri Sviridov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Cholesterol Efflux ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorders ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv Associated Neurocognitive Disorders

AbstractHIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is a term used to describe a variety of neurological impairments observed in HIV-infected individuals. The pathogenic mechanisms of HAND and of its connection to HIV infection remain unknown, but one of the considered hypotheses suggests that HIV infection accelerates the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Previous studies suggested that HIV-1 Nef may contribute to HAND by inhibiting cholesterol efflux, increasing the abundance of lipid rafts, and affecting their functionality. Our comparative analysis of postmortem brain samples demonstrated a trend toward the decreased abundance of cholesterol transporter ABCA1 in samples from HIV-infected ART-treated individuals relative to samples from uninfected controls, and a reverse correlation between ABCA1 and flotillin 1, a marker for lipid rafts, in all analyzed samples. The brain samples from HIV-infected individuals, both with and without HAND, were characterized by the increased abundance of p-Tau217 peptide, which correlated with the abundance of flotillin 1. HIV-1 Nef was analyzed in samples from HAND-affected individuals by Western blot with 4 different antibodies and by LC–MS/MS, producing a Nef-positivity score. A significant correlation was found between this score and the abundance of flotillin 1, the abundance of p-Tau217, and the severity of HAND. These results highlight the contribution of Nef and Nef-dependent impairment of cholesterol efflux to HAND pathogenesis and support a connection between the pathogenesis of HAND and Alzheimer’s disease.

scholarly journals The utility of olfactory function in distinguishing early stage Alzheimer's disease from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder

AIDS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Sundermann ◽  
Adam Fields ◽  
Rowan Saloner ◽  
Ben Gouaux ◽  
Ajay Bharti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
Neurocognitive Disorder ◽  
Hiv Associated Neurocognitive Disorder
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