In order to conquer the difficulty of building up the mathematics model of some complex system, model identification method based on neural network is put forward. By this method, according to actual sample datum, the complex model of crude oil heating furnace is identified at appropriate quantity of net layers and notes. The identification results show that output of model can basically consistent with the actual output and their mean squared error (MSE) almost is 0. Therefore, model identification method based on neural network is an effective method in complex system identification.