20-Combining non-invasive brain stimulation with MRI for modulation of large-scale brain networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (4) ◽  
pp. e12
Author(s):  
I. Rektorová
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Individualized non-invasive brain stimulation engages the subgenual anterior cingulate and amygdala

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond J Oathes ◽  
Jared Zimmerman ◽  
Romain Duprat ◽  
Seda Cavdaroglu ◽  
Morgan Scully ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Brain Response ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Communication Flow

Brain stimulation is used clinically to treat a variety of neurological and psychiatric conditions. The mechanisms of the clinical effects of these brain-based therapies are presumably dependent on their effects on brain networks. It has been hypothesized that using individualized brain network maps is an optimal strategy for defining network boundaries and topologies. Traditional non-invasive imaging can determine correlations between structural or functional time series. However, they cannot easily establish hierarchies in communication flow as done in non-human animals using invasive methods. In the present study, we interleaved functional MRI recordings with non-invasive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the attempt to map causal communication between the prefrontal cortex and two subcortical structures thought to contribute to affective dysregulation: the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) and the amygdala. In both cases, we found evidence that these brain areas were engaged when TMS was applied to prefrontal sites determined from each participant's previous fMRI scan. Specifically, after transforming individual participant images to within-scan quantiles of evoked TMS response, we modeled the average quantile response within a given region across stimulation sites and individuals to demonstrate that the targets were differentially influenced by TMS. Furthermore, we found that the sgACC distributed brain network, estimated in a separate cohort, was engaged in response to sgACC focused TMS and was partially separable from the proximal default mode network response. The amygdala, but not its distributed network, responded to TMS. Our findings indicate that individual targeting and brain response measurements usefully capture causal circuit mapping to the sgACC and amygdala in humans, setting the stage for approaches to non-invasively modulate subcortical nodes of distributed brain networks in clinical interventions and mechanistic human neuroscience studies.

scholarly journals Intracranial brain stimulation modulates fMRI-based network switching

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangor Pedersen ◽  
Andrew Zalesky
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Intracranial Stimulation ◽  
List Type ◽  
Network Modelling

SummaryThe extent to which resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) reflects direct neuronal changes remains unknown. Using 160 simultaneous rsfMRI and intracranial brain stimulation recordings acquired in 26 individuals with epilepsy (with varying electrode locations), we tested whether brain networks dynamically change during intracranial brain stimulation, aiming to establish whether switching between brain networks is reduced during intracranial brain stimulation. As the brain spontaneously switches between a repertoire of intrinsic functional network configurations and the rate of switching is typically increased in brain disorders, we hypothesised that intracranial stimulation would reduce the brain’s switching rate, thus potentially normalising aberrant brain network dynamics. To test this hypothesis, we quantified the rate that brain regions changed networks over time in response to brain stimulation, using network switching applied to multilayer modularity analysis of time-resolved rsfMRI connectivity. Network switching was significantly decreased during epochs with brain stimulation compared to epochs with no brain stimulation. The initial stimulation onset of brain stimulation was associated with the greatest decrease in network switching, followed by a more consistent reduction in network switching throughout the scans. These changes were most commonly observed in cortical networks spatially distant from the stimulation targets. Our results suggest that neuronal perturbation is likely to modulate large-scale brain networks, and multilayer network modelling may be used to inform the clinical efficacy of brain stimulation in neurological disease.HighlightsrsfMRI network switching is attenuated during intracranial brain stimulationStimulation-induced switching is observed distant from electrode targetsOur results are validated across a range of network parametersNetwork models may inform clinical efficacy of brain stimulation

scholarly journals Imaging human brain networks to improve the clinical efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin V. Sale ◽  
Jason B. Mattingley ◽  
Andrew Zalesky ◽  
Luca Cocchi
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Non Invasive

scholarly journals Non-invasive brain stimulation as therapy: systematic review and recommendations with a focus on the treatment of Tourette syndrome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Dyke ◽  
Georgina Jackson ◽  
Stephen Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Behavioural Interventions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Theoretical Issues

AbstractTourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by tics, which are stereotyped movements and/or vocalisations. Tics often cause difficulties in daily life and many with TS express a desire to reduce and/or gain control over them. No singular effective treatment exists for TS, and while pharmacological and behavioural interventions can be effective, the results are variable, and issues relating to access, availability and side effects can be barriers to treatment. Consequently, over the past decade, there has been increasing interest into the potential benefits of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) approaches. This systematic review highlights work exploring NIBS as a potential treatment for TS. On balance, the results tentatively suggest that multiple sessions of stimulation applied over the supplementary motor area (SMA) may help to reduce tics. However, a number of methodological and theoretical issues limit the strength of this conclusion, with the most problematic being the lack of large-scale sham-controlled studies. In this review, methodological and theoretical issues are discussed, unanswered questions highlighted and suggestions for future work put forward.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation in Dementia: A Complex Network Story

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 281-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Pini ◽  
Rosa Manenti ◽  
Maria Cotelli ◽  
Francesca B. Pizzini ◽  
Giovanni B. Frisoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Large Scale Networks

Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) is emerging as a promising rehabilitation tool for a number of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of NIBS are not completely understood. In this review, we will summarize NIBS results in the context of brain imaging studies of functional connectivity and metabolites to gain insight into the possible mechanisms underlying recovery. We will briefly discuss how the clinical manifestations of common neurodegenerative disorders may be related with aberrant connectivity within large-scale neural networks. We will then focus on recent studies combining resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging with NIBS to delineate how stimulation of different brain regions induce complex network modifications, both at the local and distal level. Moreover, we will review studies combining magnetic resonance spectroscopy and NIBS to investigate how microscale changes are related to modifications of large-scale networks. Finally, we will re-examine previous NIBS studies in dementia in light of this network perspective. A better understanding of NIBS impact on the functionality of large-scale brain networks may be useful to design beneficial treatments for neurodegenerative disorders.

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