P82-T The effect of defensive peripersonal space on somatosensory blink reflex in episodic migraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (7) ◽  
pp. e63
Author(s):  
Selahattin Ayas ◽  
Aysegül Gündüz ◽  
Feray Karaali Savrun ◽  
Meral Erdemir Kiziltan
Keyword(s):  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Episodic Migraine

scholarly journals Modulation of the Somatosensory Blink Reflex in the Peripersonal Space Is Defective in Episodic Migraine

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1663-1667
Author(s):  
Selahattin Ayas ◽  
Meral E Kızıltan ◽  
Feray Karaali-Savrun ◽  
Ayşegül Gündüz
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Acute Attack ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Extrapersonal Space ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objective In migraine, there is an altered behavior of patients during the attack and an altered connectivity in the cortical structures modulating and encoding the sensation and pain. Thus, we hypothesized that the extent of the peripersonal space (PPS) and the responses in the PPS may change during a migraine attack. For this reason, we analyzed the modulation of somatosensory blink reflex (SBR) in the PPS during episodic migraine. Design Cross-sectional assessment of modulation of SBR in patients with migraine. Setting Headache outpatient clinic of a tertiary referral center. Subjects We included 22 patients with episodic migraine, of whom 13 individuals were in the interictal period and nine were experiencing a headache episode. We also included 14 healthy individuals. The three groups were similar in age and gender. Methods SBR was recorded when the participants were sitting with their forearm in the extrapersonal space and also when their hands were in the PPS surrounding the face. Latency, amplitude, and area under the curve (AUC) were measured and compared. Results The amplitude and AUC of the SBR were significantly higher in patients during the attack compared with healthy subjects. The magnitude of the SBR was increased in the PPS in healthy subjects, whereas the increase was not significant in patients during the attack or in the interictal period. Conclusions We think that the modulation in the PPS is defective in patients with migraine both during the acute attack and in the interictal phase, suggesting diminished top-down modulation of the SBR.

Effects of The Remote C Fibres Stimulation Induced by Capsaicin on the Blink Reflex in Chronic Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
M de Tommaso ◽  
M Sardaro ◽  
C Pecoraro ◽  
O Di fruscolo ◽  
C Serpino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Migraine ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Capsaicin Application ◽  
Subjective Pain ◽  
The Right ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
Trigeminal Reflex ◽  
Central Level

The aim of this study was to test the function of the diffuse noxious inhibitory control system (DNIC) in chronic and episodic migraine, exploring the blink reflex (BR) modifications induced by topical application of capsaicin on the hand. We evaluated 11 migraine without aura (MA) and nine chronic migraine (CM) patients during the not symptomatic phase; they were compared with 14 non-headache subjects (N). The BR was elicited by weak electrical stimuli delivered to the right supraorbital nerve; it was obtained 10 min and 20 min after the application of 1 ml of 3% capsaicin in a cream base (Teofarma) on the skin of the dorsum of the right hand, and 60 min after capsaicin removal. The subjective pain sensation induced by capsaicin was significantly increased in CM with respect to both MA patients and normal subjects; the R2 area was increased in CM patients during capsaicin application, with respect to controls and MA patients, who did not exhibit any reflex alterations. These results may suggest a failure of DNIC and a disturbed control of the trigeminal reflex at the central level, linked with migraine frequency.

scholarly journals NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE NOCICEPTIVE TRIGEMINAL PATHWAY DURING DIFFERENT PHASES OF EPISODIC MIGRAINE

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
O. Nikiforova ◽  
M. Delva
Keyword(s):  
High Current Density ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
High Current ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
Stimulation Of

Migraine is one of the most common primary headaches, caused by functional abnormalities of information processing, which can be investigated by neurophysiological means during the various phases of the migraine cycle. The aim of the work was to study neurophysiological changes by means of nociception-specific blink reflex characteristics of trigeminocervical complex and to compare neuro-physiological data with clinical manifestations during various phases of episodic migraine. Methods. A 24-year old female patient with episodic migraine without aura underwent daily nociceptive stimulation of the trigeminal nerve for 30 days. Clinical data were collected directly from the patient using structured questionnaires. Neurophysiological changes were assessed using electromyography study of trigeminocervical blink reflex that was caused by stimulation of the supraorbital nerve with high current density electrode. Results. Within one month, the patient had two migraine attacks, preceded by the prodromal phase, and at the end of both migraine attacks, postdrome symptoms were present. We observed cyclical changes in the characteristics of component R2 of the nociception-specific blink reflex that coincided with clinical manifestations in different phases of the migraine cycle. Conclusions. 1. Electrophysiological excitability of trigeminocervical complex nociceptors differs significantly during different phases of the migraine cycle. 2. The habituation of component R2 is observed in the period between attacks can be considered as a specific phenomenon that probably is the background for migraine attack occurrence. 3. The highest excitability and facilitation of the trigeminocervical complex (increased amplitude and decreased latency of component R2) were observed during ictal phase that is additional evidence of the key role of the brainstem in migraine pathophysiology.

P15 Modulation of blink reflex by self-stimulation in peripersonal space

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (8) ◽  
pp. e152-e153
Author(s):  
V. Versace ◽  
S. Campostrini ◽  
L. Sebastianelli ◽  
L. Saltuari ◽  
J. Valls-Solé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Self Stimulation

Central Sensitization of The Trigeminal and Somatic Nociceptive Systems in Medication Overuse Headache Mainly Involves Cerebral Supraspinal Structures

Cephalalgia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 1106-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Ayzenberg ◽  
M Obermann ◽  
P Nyhuis ◽  
M Gastpar ◽  
V Limmroth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medication Overuse ◽  
Medication Overuse Headache ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Trigeminal Nociception ◽  
Simultaneous Registration ◽  
Nociceptive Blink Reflex ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stimulation Of

Trigeminal and somatic nociceptive systems were studied in controls ( n = 15), episodic migraine ( n = 16), analgesics ( n = 14) and triptan-induced medication overuse headache (MOH) ( n = 15) before and after withdrawal. Patients with MOH and comorbid depressive symptoms and depression without headache were studied to investigate the influence of depression. Trigeminal nociception was studied by simultaneous registration of pain-related cortical potentials (PREP) and nociceptive blink reflex (nBR) following nociceptive-specific electrical stimulation of the forehead. Somatic nociception was evaluated using PREP of upper limbs. We found facilitation of both trigeminal and somatic PREP but not of nBR in MOH, which normalized after withdrawal. No differences were found comparing analgesics vs. triptan MOH. No differences were observed between controls and patients with episodic migraine and depression without headache. A transient facilitation was found of trigeminal and somatic nociceptive systems in MOH, which was more pronounced on a supraspinal level.

Defensive peripersonal space: the blink reflex evoked by hand stimulation is increased when the hand is near the face

2012 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 880-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Sambo ◽  
M. Liang ◽  
G. Cruccu ◽  
G. D. Iannetti
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
The Face ◽  
Stimulation Of

Electrical stimulation of the median nerve at the wrist may elicit a blink reflex [hand blink reflex (HBR)] mediated by a neural circuit at brain stem level. As, in a Sherringtonian sense, the blink reflex is a defensive response, in a series of experiments we tested, in healthy volunteers, whether and how the HBR is modulated by the proximity of the stimulated hand to the face. Electromyographic activity was recorded from the orbicularis oculi, bilaterally. We observed that the HBR is enhanced when the stimulated hand is inside the peripersonal space of the face, compared with when it is outside, irrespective of whether the proximity of the hand to the face is manipulated by changing the position of the arm ( experiment 1) or by rotating the head while keeping the arm position constant ( experiment 3). Experiment 2 showed that such HBR enhancement has similar magnitude when the participants have their eyes closed. Experiments 4 and 5 showed, respectively, that the blink reflex elicited by the electrical stimulation of the supraorbital nerve, as well as the N20 wave of the somatosensory evoked potentials elicited by the median nerve stimulation, are entirely unaffected by hand position. Taken together, our results provide compelling evidence that the brain stem circuits mediating the HBR in humans undergo tonic and selective top-down modulation from higher order cortical areas responsible for encoding the location of somatosensory stimuli in external space coordinates. These findings support the existence of a “defensive” peripersonal space, representing a safety margin advantageous for survival.

scholarly journals A geometric model of defensive peripersonal space

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bufacchi ◽  
M. Liang ◽  
L. D. Griffin ◽  
G. D. Iannetti
Keyword(s):  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Spatial Features ◽  
The Face

Potentially harmful stimuli occurring within the defensive peripersonal space (DPPS), a protective area surrounding the body, elicit stronger defensive reactions. The spatial features of the DPPS are poorly defined and limited to descriptive estimates of its extent along a single dimension. Here we postulated a family of geometric models of the DPPS, to address two important questions with respect to its spatial features: What is its fine-grained topography? How does the nervous system represent the body area to be defended? As a measure of the DPPS, we used the strength of the defensive blink reflex elicited by electrical stimulation of the hand (hand-blink reflex, HBR), which is reliably modulated by the position of the stimulated hand in egocentric coordinates. We tested the goodness of fit of the postulated models to HBR data from six experiments in which we systematically explored the HBR modulation by hand position in both head-centered and body-centered coordinates. The best-fitting model indicated that 1) the nervous system's representation of the body area defended by the HBR can be approximated by a half-ellipsoid centered on the face and 2) the DPPS extending from this area has the shape of a bubble elongated along the vertical axis. Finally, the empirical observation that the HBR is modulated by hand position in head-centered coordinates indicates that the DPPS is anchored to the face. The modeling approach described in this article can be generalized to describe the spatial modulation of any defensive response.

O-13 Control over supraorbital nerve stimulation overrules the facilitation of blink reflex in defensive peripersonal space

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (7) ◽  
pp. e25
Author(s):  
Viviana Versace ◽  
Stefania Campostrini ◽  
Luca Sebastianelli ◽  
Leopold Saltuari ◽  
Josep Valls-Solé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
Supraorbital Nerve

scholarly journals Approaching threatening stimuli cause an expansion of defensive peripersonal space

2017 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 1927-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bufacchi
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Peripersonal Space ◽  
Blink Reflex ◽  
The Body ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Environmental Stimuli ◽  
Defensive Responses ◽  
Threatening Stimulus ◽  
Threatening Stimuli

When sudden environmental stimuli signaling threat occur in the portion of space surrounding the body (defensive peripersonal space), defensive responses are enhanced. Recently Bisio et al. (Bisio A, Garbarini F, Biggio M, Fossataro C, Ruggeri P, Bove M. J Neurosci 37: 2415–2424, 2017) showed that a marker of defensive peripersonal space, the defensive hand-blink reflex, is modulated by the motion of the eliciting threatening stimulus. These results can be parsimoniously explained by the continuous monitoring of environmental threats, resulting in an expansion of defensive peripersonal space when threatening stimuli approach.

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