Reducing ground and airborne drift losses in young apple orchards with PWM-controlled spray systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 106389
Author(s):  
Ramón Salcedo ◽  
Heping Zhu ◽  
Erdal Ozkan ◽  
Davide Falchieri ◽  
Zhihong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Young Apple

scholarly journals Effect of Prohexadione-Calcium Dose Level on Shoot Growth and Fire Blight in Young Apple Trees

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1099-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Norelli ◽  
S. S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Calcium Treatment ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Treatment Dose ◽  
Prohexadione Calcium ◽  
Young Apple

Prohexadione-calcium suppresses both shoot growth and fire blight in apple. In young apple orchards, there are conflicting requirements to control fire blight and allow sufficient tree growth for tree establishment. Application of prohexadione-calcium to various cultivars of orchard-grown apple trees ranging in age from newly planted to fifth-leaf trees indicated that fewer high-dose (125 or 250 mg ·liter-1) applications of prohexadione-calcium provided a better balance between fire blight control and growth in young orchards than multiple low-dose (30 or 63 mg·liter-1) applications. The response of early-season shoot growth to prohexadione-calcium treatment dose was linear. However, trees that received high doses of prohexadione-calcium tended to grow more in the latter part of the season, resulting in little or no difference in total seasonal growth between trees that received a few high or multiple low doses of prohexadione-calcium. Enhancement of fire blight resistance by prohexadione-calcium was correlated with shoot growth suppression at the time of inoculation, and the resistance response to prohexadione-calcium treatment dose was linear. Fire blight management strategies that use prohexadione-calcium in young apple orchards are discussed.

The Relation of Thrips to Pansy Spot on Apples

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 903-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold F. Madsen ◽  
Ian D. Jack
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Young Fruit ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Bloom Period ◽  
Young Apple

AbstractPansy spot, a discoloration of the skin of McIntosh and Spartan apples, was shown to be a reaction of the apples to the egg punctures of thrips. Periodic sampling of apple blossoms and native hosts associated with apple orchards showed that Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was the dominant species. The adult thrips moved from host to host as each came into flower, and apples were but one of several hosts attacked during the early spring.The thrips were most numerous in apple blossoms during the bloom period, and oviposited in the flower parts. The adult thrips left the apples after the bloom period, and the nymphs that hatched from the eggs developed in the calyx end of the young fruit. When the nymphs matured they oviposited in the young apple before leaving for other hosts. The area of apple skin surrounding the thrips egg developed the typical pansy spot symptoms. Other apple varieties were also attacked, but did not develop pansy spots.It was evident that the best time to apply control measures was at the petal fall period, when nymphal thrips were present but before damage was caused to the young apples.

AVAILABLE WAYS TO OPTIMIZE SOIL PROPERTIES IN APPLE ORCHARDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-63
Author(s):  
V.L. Zakharov ◽  
◽  
G.N. Pugachev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Apple Orchards

Seasonal wound presence and susceptibility to Neonectria ditissima infection in New Zealand apple trees

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.T. Amponsah ◽  
M. Walter R.M. Beresford ◽  
R.W.A. Scheper
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Artificial Inoculation ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Leaf Scar ◽  
Fruit Thinning ◽  
Different Types

Leaf scar wounds are important sites for Neonectria ditissima infection of apple trees Monitoring leaf fall in Scilate/Envy and Braeburn trees to estimate leaf scar wound presence showed maximum leaf scar incidence occurred in June (early winter) Wounds detected in New Zealand apple orchards were bud scale scars fruit thinning and picking wounds leaf scars and pruning cuts Picking wounds are caused during harvest where the pedicel is detached from the shoot Susceptibility of these different types of wounds was determined using artificial inoculation of N ditissima conidia during the season Pruning cut wounds were the most susceptible followed by fruit picking and thinning wounds and the least susceptible were leaf scar wounds No infections were observed when bud scale wounds were inoculated There was no difference in wound susceptibility between cultivars but overall Scilate/Envy wounds developed more lesions than Braeburn wounds

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