A new method for the release of Amblyseius andersoni (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in young apple orchards

AbstractDuring 2005–2007, 1,332 individuals of predatory mites were found in integrated and ecological orchards in Slovakia. Seven predatory mite species of the family Phytoseiidae, namely Phytoseius echinus, Phytoseiulus macropilis, Euseius finlandicus, Typhlodromus pyri, Paraseiulus triporus, Amblyseius andersoni and Neoseiulella tiliarum, were identified. Out of 1,332 individuals, 519 (39.0%) were found in the apple orchards and 813 (61.0%) in the pear orchards. Out of all predatory mite individuals, 460 (34.5%) were found in the integrated pest management system (IPM) and 872 (65.5%) in the ecological pest management system (EPM). In apple orchards, P. echinus was dominant and constituted 49.3% of the detected mites. In pear orchards, E. finlandicus was dominant and constituted 48.7% of the detected mites. Typhlodromus pyri was also abundant, especially in pear orchards. The other species were less abundant.

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Dispersion indices and constant precision sampling programmes for Panonychus ulmi (Koch) and Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) in Spanish apple orchards

The Acari ◽

10.1007/978-94-011-3102-5_40 ◽

1991 ◽

pp. 413-413

Author(s):

F. Garcia-Marí ◽

F. Ferragut ◽

J. Costa-Comelles ◽

R. Laborda

Keyword(s):

Panonychus Ulmi ◽

Apple Orchards ◽

Amblyseius Andersoni ◽

Dispersion Indices

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Estimating the water requirements of high yielding and young apple orchards in the winter rainfall areas of South Africa using a dual source evapotranspiration model

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2018.06.017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 208 ◽

pp. 152-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

S. Dzikiti ◽

T. Volschenk ◽

S.J.E Midgley ◽

E. Lötze ◽

N.J Taylor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Apple Orchards ◽

Water Requirements ◽

Winter Rainfall ◽

Dual Source ◽

Young Apple

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Effect of Prohexadione-Calcium Dose Level on Shoot Growth and Fire Blight in Young Apple Trees

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2004.88.10.1099 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 88 (10) ◽

pp. 1099-1106 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. L. Norelli ◽

S. S. Miller

Keyword(s):

Fire Blight ◽

Shoot Growth ◽

High Dose ◽

Apple Orchards ◽

Calcium Treatment ◽

Apple Trees ◽

Resistance Response ◽

Treatment Dose ◽

Prohexadione Calcium ◽

Young Apple

Prohexadione-calcium suppresses both shoot growth and fire blight in apple. In young apple orchards, there are conflicting requirements to control fire blight and allow sufficient tree growth for tree establishment. Application of prohexadione-calcium to various cultivars of orchard-grown apple trees ranging in age from newly planted to fifth-leaf trees indicated that fewer high-dose (125 or 250 mg ·liter-1) applications of prohexadione-calcium provided a better balance between fire blight control and growth in young orchards than multiple low-dose (30 or 63 mg·liter-1) applications. The response of early-season shoot growth to prohexadione-calcium treatment dose was linear. However, trees that received high doses of prohexadione-calcium tended to grow more in the latter part of the season, resulting in little or no difference in total seasonal growth between trees that received a few high or multiple low doses of prohexadione-calcium. Enhancement of fire blight resistance by prohexadione-calcium was correlated with shoot growth suppression at the time of inoculation, and the resistance response to prohexadione-calcium treatment dose was linear. Fire blight management strategies that use prohexadione-calcium in young apple orchards are discussed.

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FERTIGATION IN YOUNG APPLE ORCHARDS BY USING DIFFERENT FORMS OF NITROGEN

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2000.525.24 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 201-208

Author(s):

T. Bubán ◽

T. Lakatos

Keyword(s):

Apple Orchards ◽

Young Apple

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The Relation of Thrips to Pansy Spot on Apples

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent98903-9 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 98 (9) ◽

pp. 903-908 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Harold F. Madsen ◽

Ian D. Jack

Keyword(s):

Dominant Species ◽

Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽

Early Spring ◽

Control Measures ◽

Apple Orchards ◽

Young Fruit ◽

Apple Varieties ◽

Bloom Period ◽

Young Apple

AbstractPansy spot, a discoloration of the skin of McIntosh and Spartan apples, was shown to be a reaction of the apples to the egg punctures of thrips. Periodic sampling of apple blossoms and native hosts associated with apple orchards showed that Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) was the dominant species. The adult thrips moved from host to host as each came into flower, and apples were but one of several hosts attacked during the early spring.The thrips were most numerous in apple blossoms during the bloom period, and oviposited in the flower parts. The adult thrips left the apples after the bloom period, and the nymphs that hatched from the eggs developed in the calyx end of the young fruit. When the nymphs matured they oviposited in the young apple before leaving for other hosts. The area of apple skin surrounding the thrips egg developed the typical pansy spot symptoms. Other apple varieties were also attacked, but did not develop pansy spots.It was evident that the best time to apply control measures was at the petal fall period, when nymphal thrips were present but before damage was caused to the young apples.

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Selective Sampling and Orientation of Non-Homogeneous Tissues

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100100238 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 98-99

Author(s):

C. C. Clawson ◽

L. W. Anderson ◽

R. A. Good

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Random Sampling ◽

New Method ◽

Microscope Examination ◽

Small Areas ◽

Selective Sampling ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Specific Orientation

Investigations which require electron microscope examination of a few specific areas of non-homogeneous tissues make random sampling of small blocks an inefficient and unrewarding procedure. Therefore, several investigators have devised methods which allow obtaining sample blocks for electron microscopy from region of tissue previously identified by light microscopy of present here techniques which make possible: 1) sampling tissue for electron microscopy from selected areas previously identified by light microscopy of relatively large pieces of tissue; 2) dehydration and embedding large numbers of individually identified blocks while keeping each one separate; 3) a new method of maintaining specific orientation of blocks during embedding; 4) special light microscopic staining or fluorescent procedures and electron microscopy on immediately adjacent small areas of tissue.

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